TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is domestic widely used fine chemicals, is mainly used in tree elastomer, viton, reaches in the various latexes and do ultraaccelerator.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is an organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamic acid.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is used in sulfur vulcanization of rubber as well as in the manufacture of pesticides and drugs.

CAS Number: 137-26-8

EC Number: 205-286-2

Molecular Formula: C6H12N2S4

Molecular Weight: 240.43

Synonyms: 1,1′-dithiobis(N,N-dimethylthioformamide), Chipco Thiram 75, Spotrete, Tetrapom, Bis((dimethylamino)carbon, Fermide 850, SQ 1489, Thimer, Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl)disulfide, Fernasan, Tersan, Thioknock, Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide, Hexathir, Thiosan, Thiotex, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, Mercuram, Thiurad, Thiramad, Tetramethylthiuram bisulfide, Nomersan, Thiuramyl, Thirasan, AAtack, Polyram-Ultra, Thylate, Thiuramin, Aceto tetd, Pomarsol, Tiuramyl, Tirampa, Arasan, Puralin, TMTD, TMTDS, Tripomol, Aules, Rezifilm, Tulisan, Vancide TM, thiram, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, 137-26-8, Thiuram, Rezifilm, TMTD, Pomarsol, Thirame, Arasan, Fernasan, Nobecutan, Thioscabin, Thirasan, Aapirol, Tersan, Tetrathiuram disulfide, Tetramethylthiuram, Falitiram, Formalsol, Hexathir, Kregasan, Mercuram, Normersan, Sadoplon, Spotrete, Tetrasipton, Thillate, Thiramad, Aatiram, Atiram, Fermide, Fernide, Hermal, Pomasol, Puralin, Thiosan, Thiotox, Thiulin, Thiulix, Heryl, Pomarsol forte, Methyl tuads, Accelerator T, Methyl Thiram, Fernasan A, Tetramethylthiuram disulphide, Nocceler TT, Arasan-M, Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide, Thiram B, Arasan-SF, Cyuram DS, Ekagom TB, Hermat TMT, Tetramethylenethiuram disulfide, Accel TMT, Accelerator thiuram, Aceto TETD, Radothiram, Royal TMTD, Tetramethyl-thiram disulfid, Fernacol, Sadoplon 75, Tetramethylthiuram bisulfide, Tetrapom, Thioknock, Thirampa, Thiramum, Anles, Arasan-SF-X, Aules, Thimer, Panoram 75, Tetramethylthiouram disulfide, Tetramethylthiurane disulfide, Arasan 70, Arasan 75, Tersan 75, Thiram 75, Thiram 80, Spotrete-F, TMTDS, Arasan 70-S Red, Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide, Methylthiuram disulfide, N,N-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, Metiurac, Micropearls, Nomersan, Thianosan, Cunitex, Delsan, Metiur, Thimar, Teramethylthiuram disulfide, Tersantetramethyldiurane sulfide, Pol-Thiuram, Arasan 42-S, Tetramethylthiurum disulfide, Disulfure de tetramethylthiourame, Tetrathiuram disulphide, Sranan-sf-X, Hy-Vic, SQ 1489, Chipco thiram 75, Bis(dimethyl-thiocarbamoyl)-disulfid, Orac TMTD, Tetramethylthioramdisulfide, Tetramethyldiurane sulphite, Thiotox (fungicide), Disulfide, bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl), Bis((dimethylamino)carbonothioyl) disulfide, Fermide 850, Tetramethyl thiuramdisulfide, Tetramethylthiocarbamoyldisulphide, Thiuramyl, Thylate, Attack, Methyl thiuramdisulfide, Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulfide, Tetramethyl thiurane disulfide, Bis(dimethyl thiocarbamoyl)disulfide, Thirame [INN-French], Thiramum [INN-Latin], Thiuram D, Disolfuro di tetrametiltiourame, Tetramethyl thiurane disulphide, Tetramethylenethiuram disulphide, N,N’-(Dithiodicarbonothioyl)bis(N-methylmethanamine), RCRA waste number U244, Flo Pro T Seed Protectant, Tetramethylthiuram bisulphide, Tetramethylthiuran disulphide, Tetramethylthiurum disulphide, NSC-1771, Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide, Caswell No. 856, alpha,alpha’-Dithiobis(dimethylthio)formamide, Granuflo, Thiotex, Thiurad, Thiuramin, Tirampa, Tiuramyl, Trametan, Tridipam, Tripomol, Tyradin, Tuads, Tutan, Vulkacit mtic, N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, C6H12N2S4, N,N-Tetramethylthiuram disulphide, Vulkacit thiuram, Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide, tetramethyl-, Thiuram M, Vulkacit TH, Tetramethylthioramdisulfide [Dutch], Vulcafor TMT, Vulcafor TMTD, Bis((dimethylamino)carbonothioyl) disulphide, FMC 2070, Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulphide, Tetramethyl-thiram disulfid [German], Formamide, 1,1′-dithiobis(N,N-dimethylthio-, Zaprawa Nasienna T, [Me2NC(S)S]2, Vancida tm-95, Disulfuro di tetrametiltiourame, Arasan 42S, Thiram [ISO], Attack [Antifungal], TUEX, CCRIS 1282, HSDB 863, Disolfuro di tetrametiltiourame [Italian], Disulfuro di tetrametiltiourame [Italian], DTXSID5021332, Disulfure de tetramethylthiourame [French], ENT 987, NSC1771, Thiram [USAN:INN], dimethylcarbamothioylsulfanyl N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioate, Bis(dimethyl-thiocarbamoyl)-disulfid [German], NSC 1771, VUAgT-I-4, EINECS 205-286-2, NSC 49512, NSC 59637, NSC-49512, Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2), tetramethyl-, RCRA waste no. U244, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 079801, NSC 622696, NSC-622696, [disulfanediylbis(carbonothioylnitrilo)]tetramethane, BRN 1725821, rhenogran, Thiuram M rubber accelerator, UNII-0D771IS0FH, AI3-00987, MLS000069752, MLS002702972, 0D771IS0FH, CHEBI:9495, Thiuram disulfide, tetramethyl-, Thiuram-M, Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide (((H2N)C(S))2S2), tetramethyl-, NSC49512, CCG-35460, NSC-59637, NSC622696, TNTD, SQ-1489, NCGC00091563-01, SMR000059023, Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ((H2N)C(S))2S2, tetramethyl-, [dithiobis(carbonothioylnitrilo)]tetramethane, EC 205-286-2, .alpha.,.alpha.’-Dithiobis(dimethylthio)formamide, 4-04-00-00242 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), DTXCID401332, 69193-86-8, N,N-dimethyl[(dimethylcarbamothioyl)disulfanyl]carbothioamide, N,N’,N’-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, TMT Disulfide, Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide (((H2N)C(S))2S2), N,N,N’,N’-tetramethyl-, CAS-137-26-8, Formamide,1′-dithiobis(N,N-dimethylthio-, Bis[(dimethylamino)carbonothioyl] disulfide, NSC59637, WLN: 1N1 & YUS & SSYUS & N1 & 1, tiramo, Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide [(H2N)C(S)]2S2, tetramethyl-, Basultra, Betoxin, Tiradin, Tiram, Accelerant T, Ziram metabolite, Arasan m, Vulkazam S, Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2), N,N,N’,N’-tetramethyl-, Vanguard GF, Vancide TM, Akrochem TMTD, Perkacit TMTD, Vulkacit DTMT, Robac TMT, Rezifilm (TN), Arasan 50 red, Spotrete WP 75, MFCD00008325, Vancide TM-95, Naftocit thiuram 16, Thiram [BSI:ISO], Spectrum_001687, Thiram (USAN/INN), Agrichem flowable thiram, THR (CHRIS Code), THIRAM [HSDB], THIRAM [IARC], THIRAM [INCI], THIRAM [USAN], THIRAM [INN], Spectrum2_001554, Spectrum3_001592, Spectrum4_000860, Spectrum5_001653, THIRAM [WHO-DD], THIRAM [MI], THIRAM [MART.], bmse000928, D02UVS, NCIMech_000272, cid_5455, NCIOpen2_007854, SCHEMBL21144, BSPBio_003184, KBioGR_001499, KBioSS_002167, BIDD:ER0359, DivK1c_000741, SPECTRUM1503322, SPBio_001428, CHEMBL120563, Thiram [USAN:INN:BSI:ISO], Thiram [USAN:INN:ISO:BSI], BDBM43362, HMS502F03, KBio1_000741, KBio2_002167, KBio2_004735, KBio2_007303, KBio3_002684, KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-, ENT-987, NINDS_000741, HMS1922A12, HMS2093E03, HMS2234B08, HMS3374C05, Pharmakon1600-01503322, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, 97%, Tox21_111150, Tox21_201569, Tox21_301102, LS-803, NSC758454, s2431, STL264104, (dimethylamino){[(dimethylamino)thioxomethyl]disulfanyl}methane-1-thione, AKOS000120200, bis (dimethyl thiocarbamoyl) disulfide, Bis(dimethylaminothiocarbonyl)disulfide, Disulfide, bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)-, Tox21_111150_1, bis(dimethylaminothiocarbonyl) disulfide, DB13245, KS-5354, NSC-758454, Tetramethylthioperoxydicar-bonic diamide, IDI1_000741, QTL1_000082, NCGC00091563-02, NCGC00091563-03, NCGC00091563-04, NCGC00091563-05, NCGC00091563-06, NCGC00091563-07, NCGC00091563-08, NCGC00091563-09, NCGC00091563-10, NCGC00091563-12, NCGC00255002-01, NCGC00259118-01, NCI60_001477, NCI60_006736, SBI-0051813.P002, Thiram, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard, B0486, CS-0012858, FT-0631799, EN300-16677, D06114, D97716, AB00052345_10, Thiram; (Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide), Q416572, SR-01000736911, J-006992, J-524968, SR-01000736911-2, Thiram, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R), BRD-K29254801-001-06-3, Z56754480, F0001-0468, TETRAMETHYLTHIOPEROXYDICARBONIC ACID [(H2N)C(S)]2S2, N,N-Dimethyl[(dimethylcarbamothioyl)-disulfanyl]carbothioamide, 1-(dimethylthiocarbamoyldisulfanyl)-N,N-dimethyl-methanethioamide, N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioic acid (dimethylthiocarbamoylthio) ester, Diamida Tioperoxidicarbonica ([(H2N) C (S)] 2S2), N,N,N’,N’-tetrametil-, InChI=1/C6H12N2S4/c1-7(2)5(9)11-12-6(10)8(3)4/h1-4H3, N(1),N(1),N(3),N(3)-tetramethyl-2-dithioperoxy-1,3-dithiodicarbonic diamide, N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioic acid [[dimethylamino(sulfanylidene)methyl]thio] ester, TETRAMETHYLTHIOPEROXYDICARBONIC DIAMIDE ((((CH(SUB 3))(SUB 2)N)C(S))(SUB 2)S(SUB 2))

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is a class of organosulfur compounds with the formula (R2NCSS)2.

Many examples are known, but popular ones include R = Me and R = Et.

They are disulfides obtained by oxidation of the dithiocarbamates.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is used in sulfur vulcanization of rubber as well as in the manufacture of pesticides and drugs.

They are typically white or pale yellow solids that are soluble in organic solvents.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide can be used as a single accelerator, as a secondary accelerator or as a sulphur donor in most sulphur-cured elastomers.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is used as a fungicide, bacteriostat and pesticide.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is also used in the processing of rubber and in the blending of lubricant oils.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide can be found in products such as seed disinfectants, antiseptic sprays, animal repellents, insecticides, wood preservatives, some soaps, rodent repellents and as a nut, fruit and mushroom disinfectant.

Further research may identify additional product or industrial usages of this chemical.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide appears as a liquid solution of a white crystalline solid.

Primary hazard is to the environment.

Immediate steps should be taken to limit spread to the environment. 

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is easily penetrates the soil to contaminates groundwater and waterways.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is an organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamic acid.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is widely used as a fungicidal seed treatment.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide has a role as an antibacterial drug, an antiseptic drug and an antifungal agrochemical.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide contains a dimethyldithiocarbamate.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is functionally related to a dimethyldithiocarbamic acid.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide may be used in dermatology as a scabicide.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is mainly used as a fungicide for plants and treatment for seeds, however, this use is being investigated for safety in many markets including Canada.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfideis registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum. Tetramethylthiuram disulfideis used in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is called for short TMTD, is domestic widely used fine chemicals, is mainly used in tree elastomer, viton, reaches in the various latexes and do ultraaccelerator. Also can be used as disinfectant use in agriculture simultaneously. Produce at present both at home and abroad Tetramethylthiuram disulfide mainly adopt Sodium Nitrite-air oxidation process, oxygen-air oxidation process, electrolytic oxidation, ydrogen peroxide 50 one-step oxidation process, etc. technology synthetic, China mainly adopts preceding two kinds of compound methods; But these two kinds of methods exist the production cost height, and technical process is complicated, and technical requirements is high, poor product quality, shortcomings such as contaminate environment. Invention and created name is " one-step preparation method of thiofide Tetramethylthiuram disulfide ". Publication number is the preparation method who has announced a kind of thiofide Tetramethylthiuram disulfide in the one Chinese patent application of CN1299814, is in reaction kettle, in alkaline environment by n n dimetylaniline and dithiocarbonic anhydride reaction; To react the clear liquid oxidation. After the oxidizing reaction, rinsing, oven dry, comminuted solids thing get the Tetramethylthiuram disulfide finished product, though can single stage method prepare TMTD. But this technology exists and produces a large amount of trade effluents, the weak point of constant product quality property difference. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide  can reduce the growth performance of chickens through decreasing liver index, whereas increasing kidney, cardiac, and spleen index, and induces tibial dyschondrolplasia (TD) by changing the expressions of VEGF, HIF-1α and WNT4. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is widely used in rubber processing as an ultra accelerator for low-temperature cures and in agriculture as an important pesticide. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is designed for the rubber industry.  Two grades are available: pdr; pdr-d.  All grades are white to off white. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide offers fast vulcanization and gives an excellent vulcanization plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance when used in sulfurless vulcanization systems and EV systems. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is a valuable secondary accelerator. In mercaptan modified polychloroprene cured with ETU, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide acts as a scorch retarder without affecting the cure speed. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide-pdr is recommended for use in soft compounds due to dispersability. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is non-staining and non-discoloring. Excellent colors are obtained in non-black vulcanizates. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide should be noted that in the application of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide N-nitrosodimethylamine can be formed by the reaction of dimethylamine, a decomposition product, with nitrosating agents (nitrogen oxides). This standard substance is mainly used for measuring instrument calibration, analytical method evaluation and quality control, as well as the content determination and residue detection of corresponding components in related fields such as food, hygiene, environment and agriculture. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide can also be used for value traceability or as a standard liquid reserve solution.  Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is diluted step by step and configured into various standard solutions for work.  1. Sample Preparation This standard substance is made of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide double pure product with accurate purity and fixed value as raw material, chromatographic methanol as solvent, and accurately configured by weight-volume method.  2. traceability and fixed value method This standard substance takes the configuration value as the standard value, and uses high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) to compare this batch of standard substances and quality control control samples to verify the preparation value.  By using preparation methods, measurement methods and measuring instruments that meet the requirements of metrological characteristics, the traceability of the value of the standard substance is guaranteed.  3. characteristic value and uncertainty (see certificate) number name standard value (ug/mL) relative expansion uncertainty (%)(k = 2)BW10134 The uncertainty of the standard value of the two 1003 in methanol is mainly composed of raw material purity, weighing, constant volume and uniformity, stability and other uncertainty components.  4. uniformity test and stability inspection According to the JJF1343-2012, random sampling of sub-packed samples is carried out, uniformity test of solution concentration is carried out, and stability inspection is carried out.  The results show that the standard material has good uniformity and stability.  The standard substance is valid for 24 months from the date of setting the value.  The development unit will continue to monitor the stability of the standard substance.  If the value changes are found during the validity period, the user will be notified in time.  5. packaging, transportation and storage, use and precautions  1. Packaging:  This standard substance is packed in borosilicate glass ampoules, about 1.2 mL/branch.  When removing or diluting, the pipette quantity shall prevail.  2. Transportation and storage: Ice bags should be transported, and extrusion and collision should be avoided during transportation; storage under freezing and dark conditions.  3. Use:  Balance at room temperature (20±3 ℃) before unsealing, and shake well.  Once the ampoule is opened, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide should be used immediately and cannot be used as a standard substance after being fused again. Negatively Affects Plant Cell Walls, Infection Thread Walls, and Symbiosomes in Pea Symbiotic Nodules: Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is a fungicide widely used in the cultivation of legumes, including the pea (Pisum sativum).  Application of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide can negatively affect nodulation; nevertheless, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide effect on the histological and ultrastructural organization of nodules has not previously been investigated.  In this study, the effect of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide at three concentrations (0.4, 4, and 8 g/kg) on nodule development in three pea genotypes (laboratory lines Sprint-2 and SGE, and cultivar ‘Finale’) was examined.  In SGE, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide at 0.4 g/kg reduced the nodule number and shoot and root fresh weights.  Treatment with Tetramethylthiuram disulfide at 8 g/kg changed the nodule color from pink to green, indicative of nodule senescence.  Light and transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed negative effects of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide on nodule structure in each genotype.  ‘Finale’ was the most sensitive cultivar to Tetramethylthiuram disulfide and Sprint-2 was the most tolerant.  The negative effects of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide on nodules included the appearance of a senescence zone, starch accumulation, swelling of cell walls accompanied by a loss of electron density, thickening of the infection thread walls, symbiosome fusion, and bacteroid degradation.  These results demonstrate how Tetramethylthiuram disulfide adversely affects nodules in the pea and will be useful for developing strategies to optimize fungicide use on legume crops. Applications of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: The tetramethyl derivative, known as thiram, is a widely used fungicide. The tetraethyl derivative, known as disulfiram, is commonly used to treat chronic alcoholism. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide produces an acute sensitivity to alcohol ingestion by blocking metabolism of acetaldehyde by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to a higher concentration of the aldehyde in the blood, which in turn produces symptoms of a severe hangover. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide can be used as a single accelerator, as a secondary accelerator or as a sulphur donor in most sulphur-cured elastomers. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is scorchy and gives fast cure rates. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is produces an excellent vulcanisation plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance in sulphurless and EV cure systems.  Good color retention is obtained in non-black vulcanisation. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is a valuable secondary accelerator for EPDM. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is may be used as a retarder in the vulcanisation of polychloroprene rubber with ETU and also be used as bactericide and pesticide. Uses of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is used as a crop fungicide and seed protectant. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is also used as an animal repellent to protect fruit trees and ornamentals. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is used as a fungicide applied to foliage. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is also used in seed treatment, as a rodent repellent, a vulcanizing agent, and additive to lubricating oil. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is fungicide for large brown patch snowmold and dollar spot on fine turfs. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is wood preservative, mushroom disinfectant. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is primary & secondary accelerator in compounding natural, isobutylene-isoprene, butadiene, styrene-butadiene, synthetic isoprene & nitrile-butadiene rubbers. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is a compound that is used as a pesticide. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide belongs to protective fungicides of broad spectrum, with a residual effect period of up to 7d or so. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is mainly used for dealing with seeds and soil and preventing powdery mildew, smut and rice seedlings damping-off of cereal crops. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide can also be used for some fruit trees and vegetable diseases. For example, dressing seed with 500g of 50% wettable powder can control rice blast, rice leaf spot, barley and wheat smut. As pesticides, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is often referred to as Tetramethylthiuram disulfide and is mainly used for the treatment of seeds and soil and the prevention and controlling of cereal powdery mildew, smut and vegetable diseases. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, as the super accelerator of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex, is often referred to as accelerator Tetramethylthiuram disulfide and is the representative of thiuram vulcanization accelerator, accounting for 85% of the total amount of similar products. Accelerator T is also the super accelerator of natural rubber, diene synthetic rubber, Ⅱ, R and EPDM, with the highest utilization rate of all. The vulcanization promoting force of accelerator T is very strong, but, without the presence of zinc oxide, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is not vulcanized at all. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is used for the manufacture of cables, wires, tires and other rubber products. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is used as the super accelerator of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is used as the late effect promoter of natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber and polyisoprene rubber. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is used for the pest control of rice, wheat, tobacco, sugar beet, grapes and other crops, as well as for the seed dressing and soil treatment. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is suitable for the manufacture of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex, and can also be used as curing agent. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is the second accelerator of thiazole accelerators, which can be used with other accelerators as the continuous vulcanization accelerator. In rubber industry, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide can be used as the super-vulcanization accelerator, and aften used with thiazole accelerator. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide can also be used in combination with other accelerators as the continuous rubber accelerator. For slowly decomposing out of free sulfur at more than 100 ℃, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide can be used as curing agent too. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide products have excellent resistance to aging and heat, so Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is applicable to natural rubber, synthetic rubber and is mainly used in the manufacture of tires, tubes, shoes, cables and other industrial products. In agriculture, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide can be used as fungicide and insecticide, and Tetramethylthiuram disulfide can also be used as lubricant additives. Production methods from dimethylamine, carbon disulfide, ammonia condensation reaction was dimethyl dithiocarbamate, and then by the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide to the finished product. Agricultural Uses: Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is used as a fungicide to prevent crop damage in the field and to prevent crops from deterioration in storage or transport. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is also used as a seed, nut, fruit, and mushroom disinfectant from a variety of fungal diseases. In addition, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is used as an animal repellent to protect fruit trees and ornamentals from damage by rabbits, rodents, and deer. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide has been used in the treatment of human scabies, as a sun screen, and as a bactericide applied directly to the skin or incorporated into soap. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is used as a rubber accelerator and vulcanizer and as a bacteriostat for edible oils and fats. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is also used as a rodent repellent, wood preservative, and may be used in the blending of lubricant oils. Uses at industrial sites: Tetramethylthiuram disulfideis used for the manufacture of: rubber products. Release to the environment of Tetramethylthiuram disulfidecan occur from industrial use: as processing aid. Industry Uses: Chemical reaction regulator Hardener Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable Other Polymerization promoter Industrial Processes with risk of exposure: Farming (Pesticides) Manufacturing Methods of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is produced by careful oxidation of a N,N-dimethyl dithiocarbamate salt with hydrogen peroxide, chlorine, or air. First prepared by oxidation of dimethylamine salt of dimethyldithiocarbamic acid with iodine in ethanolic solution. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is produced by in USA by passing chlorine gas through solution of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is produced by in Canada from iron oxide, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide, dimethylamine, and carbon disulfide. Preparation of sodium fumarate Dimethylamine hydrochloride and carbon disulfide form sodium dimethylaminodithioformate (sodium fumarate) in the presence of sodium hydroxide. The reaction temperature is 50-55°C and the pH is 8-9. Preparation of Fomethine Fomethine (or Fomethine) and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sulfuric acid to form Fomethion, the temperature is controlled below 10 ℃, the end point pH value is 3-4. Chlorine gas can also be used instead of hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid. The reaction is carried out in a sieve tray tower. Chlorine gas enters from the bottom of the tower after dilution, and the top of the tower is sprayed with a 5% formaldehyde sodium solution. This is called the chlorine-air oxidation method. Sodium nitrite oxidation or electrolytic oxidation can also be used. General Manufacturing Information of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: Industry Processing Sectors: Rubber Product Manufacturing Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing Sampling Procedures of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: NIOSH 5005: Air samples containing Tetramethylthiuram disulfide are taken with a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane filter, connected to a sampling pump calibrated between 1 to 3 l/min for total sample size of 10 to 400 l. This technique has an overall precision of 0.055 for a range of 3 to 12 mg/cu m for a 240 liter sample. Sample stability: 1 week. Analytic Laboratory Methods of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: Product analysis by hplc or by hydrolysis to dimethylamine, estimated by titration. Residues determined by conversion to carbon disulfide, estimated by glc or colorimetry of a derivative. Distillation method is described for Tetramethylthiuram disulfide in pesticide formulations. Sample is digested with acid, distilled under vacuum, and collected on a potassium hydroxide absorber. Contents of absorber are washed with water, 1-2 drops of phenophthalein are added, neutralized with acetic acid and titrated immediately with 0.1 N iodine using 2% starch solution as indicator. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide pesticide residues.  Spectrophotometric method: (applicable to corn, apples, tomatoes, strawberries, celery and similar fruits and vegetables). Samples are extracted with chloroform, 10 mg copper iodide is added to filter extract and left to stand 1 hr with occasional mixing, then filtered and absorbance is read at 440 nm against chloroform as reference. PPM Thiram= (ug thiram/ml) X ml chloroform used for extraction/g sample. Method: EPA 630 Procedure: colorimetric Analyte: thiram Matrix: industrial and municipal discharges Detection Limit: not provided. Clinical Laboratory Methods of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: Methods for the isolation and detection of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide from autopsy tissues by thin layer chromatography are described. Spots were viewed under UV light at 254 nm after spraying with an ethanolic solution of Fast Blue B and sodium hydroxide. Detection limit using the Fast Blue B chromagen was approximately 0.5 mug with recovery rates of 90-95%. Preparation, Structure, Reactions of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: Thiuram disulfides are prepared by oxidizing the salts of the corresponding dithiocarbamates (e.g. sodium diethyldithiocarbamate). Typical oxidants employed include chlorine and hydrogen peroxide: 2 R2NCSSNa + Cl2 → (R2NCSS)2 + 2 NaCl Thiuram disulfides react with Grignard reagents to give esters of dithiocarbamic acid, as in the preparation of methyl dimethyldithiocarbamate: [Me2NC(S)S]2 + MeMgX → Me2NC(S)SMe + Me2NCS2MgX Tetramethylthiuram disulfide feature planar dithiocarbamate subunits and are linked by an S−S bond of 2.00 Å. The C(S)−N bond is short (1.33 Å), indicative of multiple bonding. The dihedral angle between the two dithiocarbamate subunits approaches 90°. Thiuram disulfides are weak oxidants. They can be reduced to dithiocarbamates. Treatment of a thiuram disulfide with triphenylphosphine, or with cyanide salts, yields the corresponding thiuram sulfide: (R2NCSS)2 + PPh3 → (R2NCS)2S + SPPh3 Chlorination of thiuram disulfide affords the thiocarbamoyl chloride. Properties of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is color white, light gray powder or granular. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is density is 1.29. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is soluble in benzene, acetone, chloroform, CS2 partly soluble in alcohol, diethyl ether, CCI4 insoluble in water, gasoline and alkali with lower concentration. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is meeting hot water becomes to dimethylamine  ammonium and CS2. Action Mechanism of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: Inhibition of hepatic dehydrogenases results in an acetaldehyde reaction on exposure to ethanol. Other effects may result from the known reactions of dithiocarbamates with metals, sulfhydryl-containing enzymes, or metabolism to reactive metabolites including carbon disulfide. Ingestion of the fungicide Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (125 mg/kg) has been reported to evoke ovarian atrophy and cessation of egg laying in hens, presumably through inhibition of dopamine beta-hydroxylase. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide was previously demonstrated that Disulfiram impairs the permeability of inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). In this report, the effect of Disulfiram and Tetramethylthiuram disulfide structural analogue Tetramethylthiuram disulfide on mitochondrial functions was studied in detail. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide was found that mitochondria metabolize Tetramethylthiuram disulfide in a NAD(P)H- and GSH-dependent manner. At the concentration above characteristic threshold, TDs induced irreversible oxidation of NAD(P)H and glutathione (GSH) pools, collapse of transmembrane potential, and inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation. The presence of Ca(2+) and exhaustion of mitochondrial glutathione (GSH+GSSG) decreased the threshold concentration of TDs. TDs induced the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). Handling and Storage of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: Tetramethylthiuram disulfide should be stored in the dry and cooling place with good ventilation, avoiding exposure of the packaged product to direct sunlight. The validity is 2 years. Advice on safe handling: Work under hood. Do not inhale substance/mixture. Hygiene measures: Immediately change contaminated clothing. Apply preventive skin protection. Wash hands and face after working with substance. Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities: Storage conditions: Tightly closed. Dry. Storage class: Storage class (TRGS 510): 13: Non Combustible Solids Stability and Reactivity of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: Reactivity The following applies in general to flammable organic substances and mixtures: In correspondingly fine distribution, when whirled up a dust explosion potential may generally be assumed. Chemical stability: Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature). Possibility of hazardous reactions: Violent reactions possible with: Oxidizing agents Reducing agents acids Caution! In contact with nitrites, nitrates, nitrous acid possible liberation of nitrosamines! First Aid Measures of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: General advice: Show Tetramethylthiuram disulfide safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance. If inhaled: After inhalation: Fresh air. Immediately call in physician. If breathing stops: Immediately apply artificial respiration, if necessary also oxygen. In case of skin contact:  Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/ shower. Consult a physician. In case of eye contact: After eye contact: Rinse out with plenty of water. Call in ophthalmologist. Remove contact lenses. If swallowed: After swallowing: Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most). Consult a physician. Firefighting measures of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: Suitable extinguishing media: Water Foam Carbon dioxide (CO2) Dry powder Unsuitable extinguishing media: For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given. Special hazards arising from Tetramethylthiuram disulfideor mixture: Carbon oxides Nitrogen oxides (NOx) Sulfur oxides Combustible. Development of hazardous combustion gases or vapours possible in the event of fire. Advice for firefighters: Stay in danger area only with self-contained breathing apparatus. Prevent skin contact by keeping a safe distance or by wearing suitable protective clothing. Further information: Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet. Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system. Fire Fighting Procedures of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: Fire Fighting: Self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode. If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.(Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. Accidental release measures of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Advice for non-emergency personnel: Avoid inhalation of dusts. Avoid substance contact. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate the danger area, observe emergency procedures, consult an expert. Environmental precautions: Do not let product enter drains. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Cover drains. Collect, bind, and pump off spills. Observe possible material restrictions. Take up dry. Dispose of properly. Clean up affected area. Avoid generation of dusts. Spillage Disposal of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: Personal protection: Chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Cleanup Methods of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: If Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is spilled, the following steps should be taken: 1. Ventilate area of spill. 2. For small quantities, sweep onto paper or other suitable material, place in an appropriate container. Quantities may be reclaimed. Environmental considerations: Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. Environmental considerations: Water spill: Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel. Remove trapped material with suction hoses. Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane,or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. Apply "universal" gelling agent to immobilize spill. Apply appropriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard. Identifiers of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide: Linear Formula: (CH3)2NCSS2CSN(CH3)2 CAS Number: 137-26-8 Molecular Weight: 240.43 Beilstein: 1725821 EC Number: 205-286-2 MDL number: MFCD00008325 PubChem Substance ID: 24900038 Chemical Name: Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide Molecular Formula: C6H12N2S4 Molecular Weight: 240.43 CAS NO. : 137-26-8 CAS: 137-26-8 Molecular Formula: C6H12N2S4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 240.416 MDL Number: MFCD00008325 InChI Key: KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N PubChem CID: 5455 ChEBI: CHEBI:9495 SMILES: CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C Product Number: B0486 Purity / Analysis Method: >98.0%(N)

Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C6H12N2S4 = 240.42 

Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid

CAS RN: 137-26-8

Reaxys Registry Number: 1725821

PubChem Substance ID: 125308534

SDBS (AIST Spectral DB): 4777

Merck Index (14): 9371

MDL Number: MFCD00008325

Properties of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide:

Quality Level: 100

Assay: 97%

autoignition temp.: 316 °F

mp: 156-158 °C (lit.)

SMILES string: CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C

InChI: 1S/C6H12N2S4/c1-7(2)5(9)11-12-6(10)8(3)4/h1-4H3

InChI key: KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Melting point: 156-158 °C(lit.)

Boiling point: 129 °C (20 mmHg)

Density: 1.43

vapor pressure: 8 x 10-6 mmHg at 20 °C (NIOSH, 1997)

refractive index: 1.5500 (estimate)

Flash point: 89°C

storage temp.: under inert gas (argon)

solubility: 0.0184g/l

form: solid

pka: 0.87±0.50(Predicted)

Odor: char. odor

Water Solubility: 16.5 mg/L (20 ºC)

Merck: 14,9371

BRN: 1725821

Exposure limits: NIOSH REL: TWA 0.5 mg/m3, IDLH 100 mg/m3; OSHA PEL: 0.5 mg/m3; ACGIH TLV: TWA 5 mg/m3.

InChIKey: KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

LogP: 1.730

Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: THIRAM

FDA 21 CFR: 175.105

CAS DataBase Reference: 137-26-8(CAS DataBase Reference)

EWG’s Food Scores: 5-8

FDA UNII: 0D771IS0FH

ATC code: P03AA05

IARC: 3 (Vol. Sup 7, 53) 1991

NIST Chemistry Reference: Thiram(137-26-8)

EPA Substance Registry System: Thiram (137-26-8)

Molecular Weight: 240.4 g/mol

XLogP3-AA: 1.7

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4

Rotatable Bond Count: 3

Exact Mass: 239.98833309 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass: 239.98833309 g/mol

Topological Polar Surface Area: 121Ų

Heavy Atom Count: 12

Complexity: 158

Isotope Atom Count: 0

Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide:

Melting Point: >142°C

Color: White

Loss on Drying: 0.5% max.

Infrared Spectrum: Authentic

Assay Percent Range: 97%

Packaging: Glass bottle

Linear Formula: [(CH3)2NCS2]2

Quantity: 5 g

Beilstein: 04, 76

Merck Index: 15, 9525

Formula Weight: 240.41

Percent Purity: ≥96.0%

Physical Form: Powder

Chemical Name or Material: Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, 97%

Related Products of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide:

(2’S)-Nicotine 1-Oxide-d4

rac-Nicotine 1-Oxide-d4

1,7-Dimethyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-g]quinoxalin-2-amine

Disulfoton Sulfone

Disulfoton

Names of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide:

Regulatory process names:

Thiram

Thiram

thiram

thiram (ISO) tetramethylthiuram disulphide

thiram (ISO); tetramethylthiuram disulphide

Translated names:

thiram (cs)

thiram (da)

Thiram (it)

Thiram (nl)

Thiram (no)

thiram (ISO) bis(dimethylthiokarbamoyl)disulfid (cs)

Thiram (ISO) Bis-(dimethyl-thiocarbamoyl)-disulfid (de)

Thiram (Θιράμη) (el)

thiram tetramethylthiuram disulfide (nl)

thiram tetramethylthiuramdisulfid (da)

thiram δις (διμεθυλο-θειοκαρβαμοϋλ)-δισουλφίδιο (el)

Thirame (fr)

Thiuram (de)

Tiraam (et)

Tiraam tetrametüültiuraamdisulfiid (et)

Tiraami (fi)

Tiraami Tetrametyylitiuraamidisulfidi (fi)

Tiram (es)

Tiram (hr)

Tiram (hu)

Tiram (mt)

Tiram (ro)

Tiram (sl)

Tiram (sv)

tiram (bis dimetilcarbamoil) disolfuro disolfuro di tetrametiltiourame (it)

tiram (ISO) disulfura de tetrametiltiuram (ro)

tiram (ISO) tetrametiltiuram-diszulfid (hu)

tiram disulfuro de tetrametiltiuram disulfuro de bis (N,N-dimetiltiocarbamilo) (es)

tiram tetrametyltiuramdisulfid (no)

tiram tetrametyltiuramdisulfid (sv)

Tiramas (lt)

tiramas (ISO) tetrametiltiuramo disulfidas (lt)

Tirame (pt)

tirame dissulfureto de tetrametiltiurama (pt)

Tirams (lv)

tirám (sk)

tirám (ISO) bis(dimetyltiokarbamoyl)disulfán (sk)

tirāms (ISO) tetrametiltiurāma disulfīds (lv)

Tiuram (pl)

tiuram (ISO) disulfid tetrametylotiuramu (pl)

Тирам (bg)

тирам (ISO) тeтраметилтиурам дисулфид (bg)

IUPAC names:

[disulfanediylbis(carbonothioylnitrilo)]tetramethan

[disulfanediylbis(carbonothioylnitrilo)]tetramethane

Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide

bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide

Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)disulfide

dimethylcarbamothioylsulfanyl N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioate

N,N,N’,N’-tetramethyl-Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2)

N,N-diethylcarbamodithioate

N,N-dimethyl[(dimethylcarbamothioyl)disulfanyl]carbothioamide

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide

tetramethylthiuram disulfide

Tetramethylthiuram disulphide

tetramethylthiuram disulphide

Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2), N,N,N’,N’-tetramethyl-

Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide, tetramethyl-

Thiram

thiram

Thiram

thiram (ISO)

UPV

Trade names:

MAT77 B

Thiram P

Other identifiers:

006-005-00-4

1135443-08-1

12680-07-8

12680-62-5

137-26-8

200889-05-0

2930 30 00

2930 30 00

2930.3

39456-80-9

56645-31-9

66173-72-6

92481-09-9

93196-73-7