CALCIUM NITRATE
CALCIUM NITRATE
Calcium nitrate is primarily used as a component in fertilizers, providing a highly soluble source of nitrate and calcium that is readily available to plants through irrigation or foliar applications.
Calcium nitrate is also utilized in various industrial applications, including accelerating the setting of concrete, reducing corrosion in concrete reinforcements, and controlling odor emissions in wastewater treatment.
Due to its hygroscopic nature, calcium nitrate is often found as a tetrahydrate and is used in waste water treatment and as a coagulant in latex production, with its solubility aiding in diverse applications.
CAS Number: 10124-37-5
EC Number: 233-332-1
Molecular Formula: Ca(NO3)2
Molecular Weight: 164.09
Synonyms: Calcium dinitrate, Lime nitrate, Nitric acid, calcium salt, Norwegian saltpeter, Lime saltpeter, Norge saltpeter, Calcium saltpeter, calcium;dinitrate, Calcium(II) nitrate (1:2), UNII-NF52F38N1N, NF52F38N1N, Nitrocalcite, CHEBI:64205, Saltpeter, Synfat 1006, HSDB 967, UN1454, calcium nitrate salt, Calcium Nitrate ACS, anhydrous calcium nitrate, CaN2O6, EC 233-332-1, DSSTox_CID_19719, DSSTox_RID_79435, 10124-37-5, Calcium dinitrate, Lime nitrate, Nitric acid, calcium salt, Norwegian saltpeter, Lime saltpeter, Norge saltpeter, Calcium saltpeter, calcium;dinitrate, Calcium(II) nitrate (1:2), UNII-NF52F38N1N, NF52F38N1N, Nitrocalcite, CHEBI:64205, Saltpeter, Synfat 1006, HSDB 967, EINECS 233-332-1, UN1454, calcium nitrate salt, Calcium Nitrate ACS, anhydrous calcium nitrate, CaN2O6, EC 233-332-1, DSSTox_CID_19719, DSSTox_RID_79435, Ca(NO3)2, DSSTox_GSID_39719, CHEMBL3183960, DTXSID1039719, BCP25810, Tox21_300814, MFCD00010899, AKOS015913857, Calcium nitrate, containing in the anhydrous state more than 16 per cent by weight of nitrogen, Calcium nitrate [UN1454] [Oxidizer], NCGC00248379-01, NCGC00254718-01, S279, CAS-10124-37-5, Q407392, 10124-37-5(anhydrous)13477-34-4(tetrahydrate), Calcium standard for AAS, analytical standard, ready-to-use, traceable to BAM, in nitric acid
Calcium nitrate is an inorganic compound with the formula Ca(NO3)2.
Calcium nitrate absorbs moisture from the air and is commonly found as a tetrahydrate.
Calcium nitrate is mainly used as a component in fertilizers but has other applications.
Calcium nitrate is the name for a mineral which is a hydrated calcium nitrate that forms as an efflorescence where manure contacts concrete or limestone in a dry environment as in stables or caverns.
A variety of related salts are known including calcium ammonium nitrate decahydrate and calcium potassium nitrate decahydrate.
Calcium nitrate is also used to control certain plant diseases.
For example, dilute calcium nitrate (and calcium chloride) sprays are used to control bitter pit and cork spot in apple trees.
Calcium nitrate is used in waste water pre-conditioning for odour emission prevention.
The waste water pre-conditioning is based on establishing an anoxic biology in the waste water system.
In the presence of Calcium nitrate, the metabolism for sulfates stops, thus preventing formation of hydrogen sulfide.
Additionally easy degradable organic matter is consumed, which otherwise can cause anaerobic conditions downstream as well as odour emissions itself.
The concept is also applicable for surplus sludge treatment.
Calcium nitrate is used in set accelerating concrete admixtures.
This use with concrete and mortar is based on two effects.
Calcium nitrate accelerates formation of calcium hydroxide and thus precipitation and setting.
This effect is used also in cold weather concreting agents as well as some combined plasticizers.
Calcium nitrate leads to formation of iron hydroxide, whose protective layer reduces corrosion of the concrete reinforcement.
Calcium nitrate is a very common coagulant in latex production, especially in dipping processes.
Dissolved calcium nitrate is a part of the dipping bath solution.
The warm former is dipped into the coagulation liquid and a thin film of the dipping liquid remains on the former.
When now dipping the former into the latex the calcium nitrate will break up the stabilization of the latex solution and the latex will coagulate on the former.
The dissolution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate is highly endothermic (cooling).
For this reason, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate is sometimes used for regenerable cold packs.
Calcium nitrate can be used as a part of molten salt mixtures.
Typical are binary mixtures of calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate or ternary mixtures including also sodium nitrate.
Those molten salts can be used to replace thermo oil in concentrated solar power plants for the heat transfer, but mostly those are used in heat storage.
Calcium nitrate appears as white to light gray granular solid.
May be either the anhydrous compound or the tetrahydrate.
Used in fertilizers, explosives and pyrotechnics.
Calcium nitrate is inorganic nitrate salt of calcium.
Calcium nitrate has a role as a fertilizer.
Calcium nitrate is an inorganic nitrate salt and a calcium salt.
Calcium nitrate contains a calcium(2+).
Calcium Nitrate is a white granular soluble fertilizer that has two kinds of nutrients and that is easily absorbed by the plant.
Calcium nitrate contains 15,5% nitrogen (N) and 26,5% calcium oxide (CaO).
14% of Calcium nitrate originates from nitrate (NO3) and 15% of nitrogen originates from ammonium (NH4).
Calcium nitrate that is completely soluble in water contains 19% calcium (Ca).
Soluble Calcium nitrate provides various advantages, which other fertilizers do not have, for the plants.
Calcium nitrate fertilizer can be used as a foliar spray.
This is most effective in treating and preventing blossom end rot but also cork spot and bitter pit in apples.
Calcium Nitrate is a highly water soluble crystalline Calcium source for uses compatible with nitrates and lower (acidic) pH.
All metallic Calcium nitrates are inorganic salts of a given metal cation and the nitrate anion.
Calcium nitrate is a univalent (-1 charge) polyatomic ion composed of a single nitrogen atom ionically bound to three oxygen atoms (Formula: NO3) for a total formula weight of 62.05.
Calcium nitrate compounds are generally soluble in water. Nitrate materials are also oxidizing agents.
When mixed with hydrocarbons, nitrate compounds can form a flammable mixture.
Nitrates are excellent precursors for production of ultra high purity compounds and certain catalyst and nanoscale (nanoparticles and nanopowders) materials.
Calcium Nitrate is generally immediately available in most volumes.
Ultra high purity and high purity compositions improve both optical quality and usefulness as scientific standards.
Calcium nitrate is an inorganic compound with the formula Ca(NO3)2.
This colorless salt absorbs moisture from the air and is often found as the tetrahydrate.
Calcium nitrate is mainly used as an ingredient in fertilizers, but there are other applications as well.
Calcium nitrate is the name of a mineral, which is a hydrated calcium nitrate that forms a blooming shape where manure contacts concrete or limestone in a dry environment such as a barn or cavern.
Calcium nitrate is a highly soluble source of two plant nutrients.
Calcium nitrates high solubility makes it popular for supplying an immediately available source of nitrate and calcium directly to soil, through irrigation water, or with foliar applications.
Calcium nitrate is very hygroscopic (absorbs water from the air), so when intended for soil application, proprietary coatings are applied to minimize moisture uptake.
Calcium nitrate intended for hydroponics or fertigation does not contain a conditioner, or Calcium nitrate may be sold as a clear fluid fertilizer ready for use.
Calcium nitrate is popular in agronomic situations where a readily soluble source of nitrate or calcium is needed. Nitrate moves freely with soil moisture and can be immediately taken up by plant roots.
Unlike many other common N fertilizers, Calcium nitrate application does not acidify soils since there is no acidity producing nitrification of ammonium occurring.
Broadcast applications of Calcium nitrate are desirable in some circumstances because the risk of ammonia volatilization is eliminated with its use.
Applications of Calcium nitrate are also used to provide supplemental Ca for plant nutrition.
Some soils may contain considerable amounts of Ca, but Calcium nitrate may not be sufficiently soluble to meet plant demands.
Since Calcium nitrate is not mobile in the plant it is important to apply Ca just-in-time in critical growth stages.
Solutions of Calcium nitrate are commonly added to irrigation water and to foliar and fruit sprays to overcome such shortcomings that can affect yield and/or quality (such as apple bitter pit), or to meet peak Ca demands during critical growth periods.
Part of the popularity of Calcium nitrate also arises from its chloride-free nature and Ca(NO3)2 can have an ameliorating effect under saline growing conditions, combating the negative effects of Na and Cl-.
Calcium nitrate is used for waste water treatment to minimize the production of hydrogen sulfide.
Calcium nitrate is also added to concrete to accelerate setting and reduce corrosion of concrete reinforcements.
Calcium nitrate is very soluble and forms a tetrahydrate, Ca(NO3) 2·4H2O if the solution is evaporated to dryness.
The CAS number of the anhydrate is 10124-37-5 while that of the tetrahydrate is 13477-34-4.
As with the beryllium nitrate salts, variation of the nitric acid concentration affects the type of hydrate produced.
Calcium nitrate is a white cubic crystal that is hygroscopic; its density is 2.504 g/cm3 and Calcium nitrate melts at 561°C.
Calcium nitrate is highly soluble in water and also dissolves in alcohols and acetone.
The tetrahydrate melts in Calcium nitrate’s own waters of hydration at 42.7°C and loses 4H2O molecules at 132°C.
Calcium nitrate decomposes to form nitrogen oxides and CaO similar to the behavior of the other alkaline earth nitrates.
Calcium nitrate salt is soluble at 121.2 g/100 ml at 20°C and 271.2 g/100 ml at 40°C.
Calcium nitrate is mainly used as a component in fertilizers.
Calcium nitrate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 to < 1 000 000 tonnes per annum. Calcium nitrate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing. Calcium nitrate is the name for a mineral which is a hydrated calcium nitrate that forms as an efflorescence in places where manure contacts limestone (or concrete) in a dry environment such as caverns or stables. Calcium nitrate is used in explosives, matches and pyrotechnics. Other applications are in the manufacture of incandescent mantle; and as an additive to diesel fuel for corrosion inhibition. This calcium nitrate is useful as an oxidizer but its hygroscopic nature, results in extreme deliquescence in air. Calcium nitrate is mainly used as a flocculent in rubber latex and in refrigerant manufacture. And Calcium nitrate is also employed in oil exploratory wells and sewage treatment. In agriculture, Calcium nitrate is used in hydroponic culture and as a fast-effective fertilizer for acid soil. Calcium nitrate can also be used to make fireworks, to produce explosives in national defense industry, and to paint negative poles in the electronic instrument industry. Calcium nitrate is also a raw material in making other nitrates. Calcium nitrate is this usage that calcium nitrate finds most of its employment in industry, other than its use in agriculture. Calcium nitrate is a strong oxidizing agent. Mixing Calcium nitrate with organic substances such as fuel oil or hydrocarbons or other oxidizable compounds can cause an explosion. Calcium nitrate has been evaluated as a component for heat storage devices. Calcium nitrate is known as Norwegian saltpeter. Calcium nitrate is a strong oxidizer that is flammable in the presence of organic materials (such as hands). Calcium nitrate explodes when given a hard shock. Calcium nitrate is used in fireworks, matches, and fertilizers. Calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)2], also known as lime nitrate, nitrocalcite, lime saltpeter and Norwegian saltpeter, was the first chemical nitrogenous fertilizer to be marketed. Calcium nitrate fertilizer absorbs considerable amount of water, which makes it somewhat difficult to handle. Calcium nitrate contains 15 % nitrogen and 21 % calcium. In a prilled form, Calcium nitrate becomes suitable for bulk mixing and the powdered form is useful in sprays. Calcium nitrate controls the blossom-end rot of tomatoes and is used in Europe as a major source of nitrogen. Calcium nitrate used on saline soils displaces sodium with calcium. In addition, calcium nitrate is a non-acid forming fertilizer and improves physical properties of acidic and exhausted soils. However, Calcium nitrates advantage as a fertilizer is offset by its extreme hygroscopic nature. This calls for Calcium nitrates production in air-conditioned plants and the use of sealed moisture proof bags. Calcium nitrate, in addition to its usage as a fertilizer, finds application in explosives, pyrotechnics, and inorganic chemical operations. Calcium nitrate is another name for calcium nitrate. Calcium nitrate was the first chemical nitrogenous fertilizer to be marketed. Calcium nitrate process for calcium carbonate In manufacturing nitrophosphate fertilizers by Odda process, calcium nitrate is left behind in the solution. Calcium nitrate is highly hygroscopic and is thus very inconvenient to use as a fertilizer. Calcium nitrate has, therefore, to be removed or modified to some other form, which is done by the nitrocarbonic process. The process converts calcium nitrate to calcium carbonate by injecting carbon dioxide into the calcium nitrate solution. Uses of Calcium Nitrate: Calcium nitrate fertilizer contains nitrate nitrogen and calcium, which are two major essential nutritious elements needed by the plants. Calcium nitrate is the most appropriate choice for upper fertilizing for any kind of plantation, any kind of soil and every weather condition. As Calcium nitrate provides calcium and nitrate together, Calcium nitrate does not cause formation of remnants in the roots of plants. These two symbatic acting does not cause high levels of electrolyte formation in the soil. Calcium nitrate in the form of nitrate elevates absorption of soluble calcium by the roots; thereby supports the supply of calcium to the plant. Calcium nitrate contains nitrogen in the form of nitrates. Calcium nitrate originating from nitrates is the preferred form for plants. Calcium nitrate facilitates absorption of nutrients such as calcium. Especially in soil with clay may interfere with abruption of nitrogen coming from ammonium and indirectly prevents development of plants. On the other hand Calcium nitrate is not bound by such types of soil. When plants are in need of nitrogen the roots can easily take nitrogen originating from nitrates from the soil. So Calcium nitrate enables fast supply of nitrogen to the plants. Calcium nitrate is a macro nutrient consumed in large amounts by plants. Calcium nitrate forms the infrastructure of cell wall in plants. Calcium nitrate is usually found in soil in the form of compounds, which cannot be absorbed by plants. Circulation of Calcium nitrate is generally low inside the plants. Calcium nitrates found in soil may not satisfy the needs of plants. Calcium nitrate has a low solubility. Due to the above mentioned reasons we need to use fertilizers containing calcium. Plants cannot grow without calcium. Calcium nitrate is one of the most consumed nutritious elements by plantations together with nitrogen and potassium. Calcium nitrate has refreshing effects on the soil as well as being a good nutrient for plants. Calcium nitrate enables absorption of other nutrients that are bound clay minerals in soil. Calcium nitrate particles may be pressed together in soil types, which contain too little calcium or too much sodium or which are being watered. As a result movement of water and oxygen is slowed down and plant growth is impaired. Water soluble calcium helps separation of clay particles and maintains porous structure of the soil. Calcium nitrate is used in wastewater preconditioning to prevent odor emission. Wastewater preconditioning is based on establishing an anoxic biology in the wastewater system. Calcium nitrate is used in accelerating concrete admixtures. This use of concrete and mortar is based on two effects. The calcium ion accelerates the formation of calcium hydroxide and thus accelerates precipitation and precipitation. Calcium nitrate is a very common coagulant in latex production, especially in dipping processes. Dissolved calcium nitrate is part of the immersion bath solution. Calcium nitrate is immersed in the heat-generating coagulation liquid and a thin film of the immersion liquid remains on the former. The dissolution of Calcium nitrate is extremely endothermic (cooling). For this reason, Calcium nitrate is sometimes used for renewable cold packs. Calcium nitrate can be used as part of molten salt mixtures. Typically there are binary mixtures of calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate, or ternary mixtures, including sodium nitrate. These molten salts can be used to replace thermo oil in concentrated solar power plants for heat transfer, but they are mostly used for heat storage. Calcium nitrate is used in fertilizers, explosives and pyrotechnics. Calcium nitrate can be applied in irrigation systems (especially drip irrigation) in the form of direct soil application or foliar application in order to eliminate and treat calcium deficiency in agricultural plants. Calcium nitrate can be applied directly from the leaves or soil in all kinds of vegetables and fruits. Since Calcium nitrate dissolves in 100% water and leaves no residue, Calcium nitrate does not clog drip irrigation pipes. Calcium nitrate accelerates the combustion of non-flammable but combustible materials. An explosion may occur if large quantities contain fire or if combustible material is finely divided. Prolonged exposure to fire and heat may cause an explosion. May explode if shocked or heated Heating causes the release of toxic nitrogen oxides. Mixtures with alkyl esters may explode due to formation of alkyl nitrates; mixtures with phosphorus, tin(II) chloride or other reducing agents may react explosively Calcium nitrate is a speciality fertiliser with high concentrations of nitrogen (N; 15.2%) and calcium (CaO; 27.5%). Owing to a patented production process, Calcium nitrate is characterised by several unique properties. The solubility of Calcium nitrate is 2.4kg/l at 20oC and its rapid and complete dissolution in water makes the nutrients quickly available to plants. The fertiliser is formulated as fully water-soluble, free-flowing flakes without any impurities or an anticaking agent. As a result of relatively low hygroscopicity, there is still no risk of caking. Another advantage of Calcium nitrate is its low ammonia content (0.7%). Calcium nitrate is an effective source of calcium and nitrate-nitrogen. Calcium nitrate is mainly recommended for foliar application, hydroponics and fertigation. Calcium nitrate ensures quick and effective fertilisation of plants with macro- and secondary-nutrients. Calcium nitrate is the main building block of proteins; Calcium nitrate therefore plays a crucial role in plants’ vegetative growth and impacts yield productivity. Calcium nitrate ensures its fast uptake by plants, resulting in quick deficiency correction. Calcium is a structural component of cell walls. Calcium nitrates deficiency reduces the mechanical strength of plants and their resistance to pests and diseases, especially at the post-harvest stage. Calcium nitrate enables growers to correct calcium deficiency quickly and eliminate the physiological diseases it causes (such as bitter pit, glassiness and blossom-end rot). Calcium nitrate contributes to firmness and uniform ripening in fruits and vegetables; Calcium nitrate also extends their storage capacity and durability during transportation. The high concentration of nutrients in this fertiliser meets the needs of even the most demanding plants. Consumer Uses: Calcium nitrate is used in the following products: anti-freeze products, fertilisers, cosmetics and personal care products, washing & cleaning products, water treatment chemicals, adhesives and sealants, pH regulators and water treatment products, coating products, metal surface treatment products, non-metal-surface treatment products and metal working fluids. Other release to the environment of Calcium nitrate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use. Widespread uses by professional workers: Calcium nitrate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, anti-freeze products, fertilisers, washing & cleaning products, laboratory chemicals, metal surface treatment products, heat transfer fluids and water treatment chemicals. Calcium nitrate is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing, building & construction work, municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment, mining, formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and scientific research and development. Calcium nitrate is used for the manufacture of: fabricated metal products. Other release to the environment of Calcium nitrate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids). Uses at industrial sites: Calcium nitrate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, coating products, metal surface treatment products, heat transfer fluids, anti-freeze products, textile treatment products and dyes, water treatment chemicals and laboratory chemicals. Calcium nitrate is used in the following areas: mining, building & construction work and agriculture, forestry and fishing. Calcium nitrate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, machinery and vehicles, plastic products, fabricated metal products, mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement), rubber products and electrical, electronic and optical equipment. Release to the environment of Calcium nitrate can occur from industrial use: as processing aid, in the production of articles, in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), of substances in closed systems with minimal release and as processing aid. Applications of Calcium Nitrate: Calcium nitrate is used in the following conditions and applications. Calcium nitrate is a very common coagulant in latex production, especially in dipping processes. Calcium nitrate can be used as part of the fused salt mixtures. Can be used in fertilizers, explosives and pyrotechnics. Calcium nitrate can be applied in irrigation systems (especially drip irrigation) with direct soil application or foliar for the treatment and treatment of calcium deficiency in agricultural crops. Calcium nitrate is used in wastewater to prevent odor emission. In the presence of Calcium nitrate, metebolism is stopped for sulfates, thus formation of hydrogen sulfide is prevented. Applications in agriculture: The fertilizer grade (15.5-0-0 + 19% Ca) is popular in the greenhouse and hydroponics trades; Calcium nitrate contains ammonium nitrate and water, as the "double salt" {5Ca(NO3)2.NH4NO3.10H2O}}} This is called calcium ammonium nitrate. Formulations lacking ammonia are also known: Ca(NO3)2·4H2O (11.9-0-0 + 16.9 Ca) and the water-free 17-0-0 + 23.6 Ca. A liquid formulation (9-0-0 + 11 Ca) is also offered. An anhydrous, air-stable derivative is the urea complex Ca(NO3)2·4[OC(NH2)2], which has been sold as Cal-Urea. Calcium nitrate is also used to control certain plant diseases. For example, dilute calcium nitrate (and calcium chloride) sprays are used to control bitter pit and cork spot in apple trees. Waste water treatment: Calcium nitrate is used in waste water pre-conditioning for odour emission prevention. The waste water pre-conditioning is based on establishing an anoxic biology in the waste water system. In the presence of nitrate, the metabolism for sulfates stops, thus preventing formation of hydrogen sulfide. Additionally easy degradable organic matter is consumed, which otherwise can cause anaerobic conditions downstream as well as odour emissions itself. The concept is also applicable for surplus sludge treatment. Calcium nitrate is used in set accelerating concrete admixtures. This use of Calcium nitrate with concrete and mortar is based on two effects. The calcium ion accelerates formation of calcium hydroxide and thus precipitation and setting. This effect is used also in cold weather concreting agents as well as some combined plasticizers. The nitrate ion leads to formation of iron hydroxide, whose protective layer reduces corrosion of the concrete reinforcement. Latex coagulant: Calcium nitrate is a very common coagulant in latex production, especially in dipping processes. Dissolved calcium nitrate is a part of the dipping bath solution. The warm former is dipped into the coagulation liquid and a thin film of the dipping liquid remains on the former. When now dipping the former into the latex the calcium nitrate will break up the stabilization of the latex solution and the latex will coagulate on the former. Cold packs: The dissolution of calcium nitrate is highly endothermic (cooling). For this reason, calcium nitrate is sometimes used for regenerable cold packs. Calcium nitrate can be used as a part of molten salt mixtures. Typical are binary mixtures of calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate or ternary mixtures including also sodium nitrate. Those molten salts can be used to replace thermo oil in concentrated solar power plants for the heat transfer, but mostly those are used in heat storage. Benefits of Calcium Nitrate: Fertilizer for the soil: Calcium nitrate has refreshing effects on the soil as well as being a good nutrient for plants. Calcium nitrate enables absorption of other nutrients that are bound clay minerals in soil. Clay particles may be pressed together in soil types, which contain too little calcium or too much sodium or which are being watered. As a result movement of water and oxygen is slowed down and plant growth is impaired. Water soluble calcium helps separation of clay particles and maintains porous structure of the soil. Advantages of Calcium Nitrate: Calcium nitrate is increases productivity and quality of products. Calcium nitrate is increases resistance to diseases and pests. Calcium nitrate is increases durability when the products are transported. Calcium nitrate is increases lifetime for storage of fruits. Calcium nitrate facilitates calcium and nitrate absorption. Calcium nitrate contains no additives or fillers. Calcium nitrate will not evaporate, be washed away or cause burns. Calcium nitrate will not cause an alkali soil. Calcium nitrate will not increase the salts in soil. Preparation and Procedures of Calcium Nitrate: Calcium Nitrate can be added to water in a separate identifiable container, and then this pre-dissolved mixture can be added through the hopper. All users should be aware that ammonia gas will be liberated in the presence of excess hydroxide concentration. Ammonia gas will irritate the nose, throat, and respiratory system and can cause eye injury. Calcium nitrateis advisable to wear protective PPE, including a dust mask and eye protection while mixing powdered products. Calcium Nitrate should be stored securely away from combustible materials and reducing agents. Calcium nitrate includes nitrate nitrogen and calcium in a form that is optimum for uptaking by plants. Among other useful lproperties available calcium improves durabitlity of cell wall. Production and Reactivity of Calcium Nitrate: Calcium nitrate was synthesized at Notodden, Norway in 1905 by the Birkeland–Eyde process. Most of the world's calcium nitrate is now made in Porsgrunn. Calcium nitrate is produced by treating limestone with nitric acid, followed by neutralization with ammonia: CaCO3 + 2 HNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + CO2 + H2O Calcium nitrate is also an intermediate product of the Odda Process: Ca5(PO4)3OH + 10 HNO3 → 3 H3PO4 + 5 Ca(NO3)2 + H2O Calcium nitrate can also be prepared from an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate, and calcium hydroxide: 2 NH4NO3 + Ca(OH)2 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2 NH4OH Like related alkaline earth metal nitrates, calcium nitrate decomposes upon heating (starting at 500 °C) to release nitrogen dioxide: 2 Ca(NO3)2 → 2 CaO + 4 NO2 + O2 ΔH = 369 kJ/mol Identifiers of Calcium Nitrate: Chemical formula: Ca(NO3)2 EC Number: 233-332-1 CAS Number: 10124-37-5 IUPAC name: Calcium dinitrate Molar mass: 164.088 g CAS NUMBER: 10124-37-5 EC NUMBER: 233-332-1 MOLECULAR FORMULA: Ca(NO3)2 MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 164.09 Properties of Calcium Nitrate: Density: 1.82 g/cm3 Melting Point: 45 °C pH value: 5.5 - 7.0 (H₂O) Bulk density: 1000 kg/m3 Solubility: 2710 g/l Quality Level: 300 grade: ACS reagent assay: 99.0-102.0% (complexometric) form: solid potency: 3900 mg/kg LD50, oral (Rat) pH: 5.0-7.0 (25 °C, 50 g/L in H2O) mp: 45 °C solubility: 2710 g/L density: 1.82 g/cm3 at 20 °C bulk density: 1000 kg/m3 Appearance: colorless solid: hygroscopic Density: 2.504 g/cm3 Melting point: 561 °C Solubility in water: 1212 g/L (20 °C)/ 2710 g/L (40 °C) Solubility: soluble in ammonia almost insoluble in nitric acid Solubility in ethanol: 51.4 g/100 g (20 °C)/ 62.9 g/100 g (40 °C) Solubility in methanol: 134 g/100 g (10 °C)/ 144 g/100 g (40 °C)/ 158 g/100 g (60 °C) Solubility in acetone: 16.8 g/kg (20 °C) Acidity (pKa): 6.0 Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -45.9·10−6 cm3/mol Crystal structure: cubic Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 6 Rotatable Bond Count: 0 Exact Mass: 163.9382266 Monoisotopic Mass: 163.9382266 Topological Polar Surface Area: 126 Ų Heavy Atom Count: 9 Complexity: 18.8 Isotope Atom Count: 0 Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0 Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0 Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0 Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0 Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3 Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes