CETYL OCTANOATE

Cetyl octanoate is a high-performance cosmetic ester that combines functionality, sensory appeal, and formulation versatility, making it a valuable ingredient in modern skin and hair care product development.

Due to its exceptional emollient properties, cetyl octanoate is widely used in the formulation of skin creams, lotions, sunscreens, lip balms, hair conditioners, and facial oils, where it imparts a smooth, velvety texture and enhances the spreadability of active ingredients.

Cetyl octanoate creates a soft and lightweight afterfeel without clogging pores or leaving a greasy residue, making it ideal for non-comedogenic and sensitive skin formulations.

CAS Number: 36653-82-4

EC Number: 253-149-0

Molecular Formula: C₁₆H₃₄O

Molecular Weight: 242.44 g/mol

Synonyms: Guerbitol16, NJCOL160BRA, NJCOL160BR, 2‑hexyl‑1‑decanol, GuerbetC16, NSC2399, RilanitG16, Isofol16, guerbitol 16,  njcol 160bra, 2-hexyl-decan-1-ol, guerbet c16, nsc 2399, 2-hexyl-1-decanol, njcol 160br, rilanit g 16, isofol 16, 2-hexyl-1-decano

Cetyl octanoate is a fatty acid ester formed by the reaction of cetyl alcohol (a 16-carbon saturated fatty alcohol) and octanoic acid (also known as caprylic acid, an 8-carbon medium-chain fatty acid).

Cetyl octanoate belongs to the class of waxy esters and is commonly used in cosmetic, personal care, and pharmaceutical formulations due to its excellent emollient and skin-conditioning properties.

Chemically, cetyl octanoate has the molecular formula C₂₄H₄₈O₂ and appears as a colorless to pale yellow, odorless, oily or waxy liquid at room temperature, depending on purity and formulation.

Cetyl octanoate is insoluble in water but miscible with oils, hydrocarbons, and alcohols, making it highly compatible with a wide range of cosmetic ingredients and formulations.

Cetyl octanoate is a modern, highly skin-compatible emollient delivering rich, non-greasy sensory properties while being stable, biodegradable, and suitable for advanced cosmetic systems.

Cetyl octanoate is a medium spreading emollient suitable for cosmetic preparations where wide pH-range is needed such as anti-perspirant, deodorants, and depilatory formulations.

Cetyl octanoate is a medium spreading emollient suitable for cosmetic preparations where wide pH-range is needed, e.g. anti-perspirant/deodorants & depilatory formulations.

Cetyl octanoate is a medium spreading, emollient.

Cetyl octanoate is suitable for cosmetic preparations where wide pH-range is needed.

Cetyl octanoate finds application in personal care wipes, antiperspirants & deodorants, baby care & cleansing, facial care cleansers and face-, color-, body-, sun- (sun protection, after-sun & self-tanning) care products.

Cetyl octanoate is a medium spreading emollient that is hydrolysis stable and suitable for all formulations where a wide pH range is needed, e.g. deodorant/antiperspirant and hair removal formulations.

Cetyl octanoate is a clear, almost colorless oil of low polarity with a low molecular weight, and a spreading value of 700 m^2/10 min.

Cetyl octanoate has a hydroxyl value of 200-225, a refractive index (20°C) of 1.4400-1.4600, and a cloud point of < -30°C. Cetyl octanoate is a high-purity, non-ionic emollient used in cosmetic and personal care formulations. Cetyl octanoate is a fatty alcohol that enhances the texture, spreadability, and skin feel of creams, lotions, and other skincare products. Cetyl octanoate provides a smooth, non-greasy finish and improves the stability of emulsions. Cetyl octanoate is a branched Guerbet ester formed by the esterification of 2-hexyldecanol (a branched fatty alcohol) with stearic acid. Cetyl octanoate belongs to a class of highly lipophilic, hydrolysis-stable emollients designed for skin conditioning and textural enhancement in cosmetic formulations. Cetyl octanoate is a long-chain fatty acid ester formed by the esterification of cetyl alcohol (a 16-carbon saturated fatty alcohol) and octanoic acid (also known as caprylic acid), an 8-carbon medium-chain fatty acid. With the molecular formula C₂₄H₄₈O₂, cetyl octanoate appears as a colorless to pale yellow, oily or waxy liquid, depending on purity and temperature. Cetyl octanoate is odorless, non-greasy, and insoluble in water, but readily miscible with oils, hydrocarbons, and alcohols, making it highly compatible with a wide range of cosmetic and personal care ingredients. Due to its exceptional emollient properties, cetyl octanoate is widely used in the formulation of skin creams, lotions, sunscreens, lip balms, hair conditioners, and facial oils, where it imparts a smooth, velvety texture and enhances the spreadability of active ingredients. Cetyl octanoate creates a soft and lightweight afterfeel without clogging pores or leaving a greasy residue, making it ideal for non-comedogenic and sensitive skin formulations. Cetyl octanoate also acts as a solubilizer, film former, and consistency enhancer, contributing to the product's overall texture and stability. Cetyl octanoate is considered biocompatible, non-irritating, and biodegradable, and is approved for cosmetic use in major global markets including the European Union, United States, Japan, and ASEAN countries.  Cetyl octanoate's oxidative stability and low volatility make it well suited for long-lasting formulations, and it is often included in eco-friendly, vegan, or clean beauty products as a sustainable alternative to heavier synthetic emollients. In summary, cetyl octanoate is a high-performance cosmetic ester that combines functionality, sensory appeal, and formulation versatility, making it a valuable ingredient in modern skin and hair care product development. Market Overview of Cetyl Octanoate: Though direct market data specifically for cetyl octanoate is limited, analogous compounds such as octyl octanoate—another cosmetic ester—offer useful insights. The global octyl octanoate market was valued at approximately USD 1.03 billion in 2024, with a projected increase to USD 2.02 billion by 2037, growing at a ~5.3% CAGR. Additionally, some forecasts estimate octyl octanoate markets (broad form) expanding from USD 360 billion in 2025 to over USD 507 billion by 2034, at a CAGR of ~3.9%. These indicators reflect robust demand for esters like cetyl octanoate in personal care products. The global cosmetics market, a major demand driver, is projected to grow from USD 450 billion in 2025 to USD 761 billion by 2034, at a CAGR of ~6%. Key demand drivers include: Increased demand for lightweight, non-greasy emollients in skincare and haircare. A shift toward eco‑friendly and clean‑label formulations, which favors biodegradable, mild esters like cetyl octanoate. Growth in emerging markets, especially Asia‑Pacific, which is fueling personal care ingredient demand aligned with rising disposable income and beauty awareness. Uses of Cetyl Octanoate: Cetyl octanoate is widely used in the cosmetic and personal care industry for its excellent emollient, conditioning, and formulation-enhancing properties. Cetyl octanoate is primarily included in moisturizers, creams, and lotions to provide a silky-smooth, non-greasy feel and improve spreadability on the skin. In lipsticks, lip balms, and foundations, cetyl octanoate contributes to a lightweight texture, helping pigments and actives glide evenly while enhancing product stability. Cetyl octanoate is also found in sunscreens as an oil-phase carrier, allowing better dispersion of UV filters. In hair care products, such as conditioners, serums, and leave-in treatments, Cetyl octanoate acts as a lubricant and shine-enhancer, smoothing the hair shaft and reducing frizz. Due to its mildness and low comedogenicity, cetyl octanoate is favored in sensitive skin formulations, anti-aging serums, and clean beauty products. Beyond cosmetics, Cetyl octanoate can be used in pharmaceutical creams and ointments as a skin-conditioning excipient and in fragrance delivery systems to improve the longevity and release of scent. Cetyl octanoate's oxidative stability, low volatility, and pleasant sensory characteristics make cetyl octanoate a versatile ingredient across a wide range of topical formulations. Cetyl octanoate is an emollient that is stable and works well over a wide pH range. Cetyl octanoate is suitable for all types of cosmetic formulations such as anti-perspirant & deodorant, depilatory, baby products, facial cleansers, general skin care products and sunscreen. Cetyl octanoate is used medium spreading emollient suitable for cosmetic preparations where wide pH-range is needed, eg deodorant/antiperspirant & hair remover formulations. Cetyl octanoate stands out as a natural alternative to silicones and is increasingly used in clean beauty, dermatological care, and functional luxury formulations. Cetyl octanoate is also used in hair coloring and conditioning formulations. Cetyl octanoate is a mid-spreading, hydrolysis-stable Guerbet ester well-suited for luxury cosmetic and personal care formulations. Cetyl octanoate provides exceptional sensory properties, stability across pH ranges, and versatility in product types—from skincare to deodorants and haircare. Cetyl octanoate is commonly used in leave-on and rinse-off products, especially where a rich skin feel and smooth spreading are desired. Cetyl octanoate is commonly used in moisturizers, sunscreens, and hair care formulations for its conditioning and softening properties. Benefits of Cetyl Octanoate: Cetyl octanoate offers numerous benefits that make it a highly desirable ingredient in cosmetic and personal care formulations. As a lightweight ester, Cetyl octanoate provides a silky, non-greasy texture that enhances the overall sensory feel of creams, lotions, and serums. Cetyl octanoate's excellent emollient properties help to soften and smooth the skin, improving hydration by forming a breathable barrier that prevents moisture loss. Cetyl octanoate also contributes to spreadability and glide, allowing products to apply more evenly and absorb efficiently without leaving a heavy residue. Cetyl octanoate's oxidative stability ensures long shelf life, while its low viscosity and compatibility with oils, silicones, and active ingredients make it easy to formulate with. Additionally, cetyl octanoate is considered non-irritating and suitable for sensitive skin, making it ideal for use in clean beauty, vegan, and dermatologically tested products. Cetyl octanoate also functions as a lubricant in haircare, reducing frizz and adding shine without buildup. These combined benefits make cetyl octanoate a versatile, functional, and high-performance ingredient in modern skincare, haircare, and personal hygiene products. Production of Cetyl Octanoate: Cetyl octanoate is produced through a chemical process known as esterification, which involves the reaction of cetyl alcohol (a 16-carbon long-chain fatty alcohol) with octanoic acid (also known as caprylic acid, an 8-carbon saturated fatty acid). This reaction typically occurs in the presence of an acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid, under controlled heating conditions (typically between 100–150°C). During esterification, a molecule of water is eliminated as the hydroxyl group from the alcohol and the hydrogen from the carboxylic acid combine. To drive the reaction toward ester formation, the system is either operated under reflux with water removal or conducted under reduced pressure. After the reaction is complete, the crude ester mixture is neutralized, washed, and purified—often through distillation or filtration—to obtain a high-purity cosmetic-grade product. Both starting materials can be derived from natural sources such as palm kernel oil or coconut oil (cetyl alcohol) and vegetable oils or milk fats (octanoic acid), allowing for plant-based and sustainable production pathways. The resulting cetyl octanoate is a biodegradable, low-toxicity ester suitable for clean beauty, vegan, and eco-certified formulations. This production process is scalable for both small-batch cosmetic laboratories and industrial manufacturing facilities, meeting global regulatory and quality standards for cosmetic use. Synthesis of Cetyl Octanoate: Cetyl octanoate is synthesized via a classic Fischer esterification reaction, which involves the condensation of a fatty alcohol and a fatty acid. In this case, the reactants are: Cetyl alcohol (C₁₆H₃₄OH) – a long-chain fatty alcohol Octanoic acid (C₈H₁₆O₂) – a medium-chain saturated fatty acid (also known as caprylic acid) General Reaction: C16H34OH (Cetyl alcohol)+C8H16O2 (Octanoic acid) acid catalystheatC24H48O2 (Cetyl octanoate)+H2O Synthesis Steps: Reactant Mixing: Cetyl alcohol and octanoic acid are combined in a molar ratio close to 1:1 in a reaction vessel. Catalyst Addition: A small amount of a strong acid catalyst (commonly sulfuric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, or acidic ion-exchange resin) is added to accelerate the reaction. Heating: The reaction mixture is heated to approximately 100–150 °C under reflux conditions to facilitate ester bond formation. Water Removal: Since water is formed as a byproduct, Cetyl octanoate is removed continuously (via azeotropic distillation or under vacuum) to shift the equilibrium toward ester formation and increase yield. Reaction Completion and Cooling: After several hours, the reaction reaches completion. The mixture is cooled, and the catalyst is neutralized (if needed). Purification: Cetyl octanoate is washed to remove residual acid and unreacted materials, then dried and filtered. If high purity is required, vacuum distillation may be performed. Key Conditions & Notes: Temperature: 100–150°C Catalyst: Strong acid (e.g., H₂SO₄, PTSA) Byproduct: Water (must be removed). Yield Optimization: Water removal and excess alcohol can improve yield. Purity: Cosmetic/pharma-grade purification via neutralization and filtration. Sustainability Considerations: Cetyl alcohol can be sourced from palm kernel oil or coconut oil. Octanoic acid can be derived from vegetable oils or dairy fats. Both ingredients can be obtained from renewable, plant-based sources, making cetyl octanoate suitable for clean-label and eco-friendly formulations. History of Cetyl Octanoate: Cetyl octanoate, a waxy ester of cetyl alcohol and octanoic acid, has its origins in the broader development of fatty acid esters in the early 20th century. These compounds gained attention as natural-feel emollients and lubricants for both industrial and cosmetic purposes. 1920s–1930s: The cosmetic industry began shifting from petroleum-based ingredients toward more natural-feeling esters to mimic the skin's natural lipids. Fatty acid esters like isopropyl myristate, cetyl palmitate, and later cetyl octanoate were explored for their smooth, non-greasy sensory profiles. Mid-20th century: With advances in organic synthesis and increasing availability of plant-derived fatty acids and alcohols, cetyl octanoate was synthesized more efficiently and economically. Cetyl octanoate became a popular alternative to animal waxes, such as spermaceti, which had previously dominated skin cream and ointment formulations. 1970s–1980s: Cetyl octanoate began to appear widely in skin-care products, particularly in Europe and Japan, where low-comedogenicity and light texture were in demand. Cetyl octanoate was praised for its pleasant skin feel and quick absorption, aligning with trends in high-end, dermatologically tested cosmetics. 2000s–present: With the rise of clean beauty and vegan skincare, cetyl octanoate’s biodegradability, non-animal origin, and renewable sourcing have made it even more attractive. Today, Cetyl octanoate is commonly used in a wide range of applications from moisturizers and sunscreens to hair conditioners and makeup, valued for both performance and skin compatibility. Handling and Storage of Cetyl Octanoate: Handling: Avoid contact with eyes and prolonged skin exposure. Use in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation of vapors or mists (although vapors are typically minimal due to low volatility). Avoid ingestion. Handle with clean equipment and containers. Storage: Store in tightly sealed containers away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Keep in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place. Store separately from strong oxidizers and acids. Stability and Reactivity of Cetyl Octanoate: Chemical Stability: Stable under normal storage and handling conditions. Resistant to hydrolysis in neutral conditions. Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents (e.g., peroxides, nitric acid). Strong acids and bases may cause degradation over time. Hazardous Decomposition Products: Thermal decomposition may produce carbon dioxide (CO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), and traces of irritating fumes. First Aid Measures of Cetyl Octanoate: Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. Seek medical attention if irritation or discomfort persists. Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water. If irritation develops, consult a physician. Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Seek medical advice if irritation continues. Ingestion: Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel. Seek medical attention immediately. Firefighting Measures of Cetyl Octanoate: Flash Point: Typically > 180°C (closed cup) – considered non-flammable under normal conditions.

Extinguishing Media:

Use dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide (CO₂), foam, or water spray.

Fire Hazards:

May form combustible vapors at high temperatures.

Decomposition products can include CO and CO₂.

Firefighting Instructions:

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective gear.

Cool exposed containers with water spray to prevent rupture.

Accidental Release Measures of Cetyl Octanoate:

Personal Precautions:

Avoid contact with skin and eyes.

Wear protective gloves and safety goggles.

Ensure adequate ventilation.

Spill Response:

Absorb with inert material (e.g., sand, earth) and place in a chemical waste container.

Wash spill site with water and detergent.

Environmental Precautions:

Prevent entry into sewers, surface water, or groundwater.

Exposure Controls / Personal Protective Equipment of Cetyl Octanoate:

Engineering Controls:

Work in a well-ventilated area or use local exhaust ventilation.

Personal Protective Equipment:

Eyes:

Safety goggles or face shield.

Skin:

Chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile or neoprene).

Body:

Lab coat or protective clothing.

Respiratory:

Not normally required; use an approved respirator if working with large volumes or in confined spaces.

Hygiene Measures:

Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling.

Wash hands thoroughly after use.

Identifiers of Cetyl Octanoate:

Chemical Name: Cetyl Octanoate

IUPAC Name: Hexadecyl octanoate

Molecular Formula: C₂₄H₄₈O₂

Molecular Weight: 368.64 g/mol

CAS Number: 540-10-3

EC Number: 208-731-2

PubChem CID: 10234

UNII: 1D711I74AL

InChI: InChI=1S/C24H48O2/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19-21-23-25(26)24-22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2/h3-24H2,1-2H3

InChIKey: UXMQHYDAZSLRPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES: CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCC

ChemSpider ID: 9820

HS Code: Typically under 2915.90 (esters of saturated monocarboxylic acids)

ECHA: Listed under EC: 208-731-2

Properties of Cetyl Octanoate:

Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow oily liquid

Odor: Slight, fatty or waxy

Melting Point: ~20–22 °C

Boiling Point: ~370–400 °C

Flash Point: >150 °C (closed cup)

Density (20°C): ~0.85–0.87 g/cm³

Refractive Index (20°C): ~1.443–1.450

Solubility in Water: Insoluble

Solubility in Organic Solvents: Miscible with oils, esters, alcohols

Other Name: Cetyl Caprylate

IUPAC Name: Hexadecyl octanoate

Molecular Formula: C₂₄H₄₈O₂

Molecular Weight: ~368.64 g/mol

Structure: Ester formed from cetyl alcohol (C16) and caprylic acid (C8)

Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow oily liquid

Odor: Mild, fatty, waxy

Melting Point: ~20–22°C (semi-solid at room temp depending on purity)

Boiling Point: ~370–400°C

Density (20 °C): 0.85–0.87 g/cm³

Refractive Index (20°C): 1.443–1.450

Flash Point: >150°C (closed cup)

Vapor Pressure: Very low

Viscosity: Low to medium viscosity

Solubility in Water: Insoluble

Solubility in Organics: Soluble in oils, alcohols, esters, hydrocarbons

Chemical Class: Fatty acid ester

Functional Group: Ester (–COO–)

Hydrolysis: Can hydrolyze under acidic or basic conditions

Oxidative Stability: Good, but can degrade under high heat or UV without antioxidants

Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable

Compatibility: Excellent with lipophilic ingredients, UV filters, silicones