POLY(2-METHYLIDENEBUTANEDIOATE) SODIUM SALT
POLY(2-METHYLIDENEBUTANEDIOATE) SODIUM SALT
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is a 100% bio-based, biodegradable polymer derived from itaconic acid, known for its exceptional water retention and superabsorbent properties, making it valuable in agriculture, cosmetics, and industrial applications.
In the cosmetics industry, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt serves as a humectant and thickening agent, enhancing hydration, improving foam stability, and enabling gentler formulations in skincare and haircare products.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt’s eco-friendly profile, compatibility with various ingredients, and ability to reduce surfactant concentration while maintaining product performance make it an ideal choice for sustainable personal care and home care formulations.
CAS Number: 97-65-4
EC Number: 202-599-6
Molecular Formula: (C5H6O4)n.Nax
Molecular Weight: 174.06 g/mol
Synonyms: Sodium itaconate, 5363-69-9, Disodium methylenesuccinate, Butanedioic acid, methylene-, disodium salt, EINECS 226-351-1, Methylenebutanedioic acid, disodium salt, DTXSID5063817, disodium;2-methylidenebutanedioate, Butanedioic acid, 2-methylene-, sodium salt (1:2), disodium itaconate, Sodium itaconate;, disodium 2-methylidenebutanedioate, Sodium 2-methylenesuccinate, SCHEMBL108568, DTXCID0041486, DB-210178, NS00080779, 226-351-1, butanedioic acid, 2-methylene-, homopolymer, sodium salt, Polyitaconic Acid Sodium Salt, Sodium Salt of Polyitaconic Acid, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt, Sodium Itaconate Copolymer, Polyitaconate Sodium, Sodium Itaconic Polymer, Superabsorbent Polymer (SAP), Biodegradable Polymer, Water-Soluble Polymer, Dispersing Agent, Moisture Retention Agent, Cross-Linked Polymer, Cationic Dispersant, Water Retention Polymer, Bio-Based Polymer, Green Polymer, Environmentally Friendly Polymer, Eco-Friendly Superabsorbent, Biopolymer, Soil Conditioner, Water Retention Agent, Moisture Retaining Polymer, Soil Moisture Retention Additive, Agricultural Absorbent, Water-Saving Polymer, Moisturizing Agent, Humectant Polymer, Cosmetic Thickener, Skin Hydration Polymer, Cosmetic Water Retention Agent
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is a water-absorbent polymer derived from itaconic acid, a bio-based dicarboxylic acid obtained primarily from fermentation processes using renewable resources such as corn or sugarcane.
This polymer is known for Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt’s exceptional water retention and superabsorbent properties, making it highly effective in a wide range of applications, including agriculture, cosmetics, and industrial products.
In agricultural applications, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is used as a soil conditioner to enhance moisture retention, improve soil structure, and reduce water consumption, particularly in arid and drought-prone regions.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt’s ability to absorb and slowly release water helps plants maintain optimal hydration, leading to improved crop yields and plant health.
In the cosmetics industry, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt serves as a humectant and thickening agent in skincare and haircare formulations, providing long-lasting hydration and texture enhancement.
Due to its biodegradable and non-toxic nature, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is considered an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic superabsorbent polymers, reducing concerns over microplastic pollution and ecological harm.
Additionally, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt exhibits excellent dispersing properties, making it useful in detergent formulations, where it helps prevent soil redeposition on fabrics and improves cleaning efficiency.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt’s high anionic charge density allows it to interact effectively with other substances, making it a versatile ingredient in coatings, adhesives, and water treatment solutions.
Overall, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is a multifunctional, sustainable polymer with broad industrial significance, driven by its eco-friendly profile and superior performance in water retention and dispersion applications.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is a polyitaconic acid partially neutralized with sodium salt.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is usually an off-white grainy substance.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt helps stabilize surfactants, allowing for gentler formulations.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt can also be used in shampoos, conditioners, body wash, hand soaps, and other ingredients.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt dissolves in water.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is a biodegradable ingredient that does not irritate the eyes or skin.
Whole Foods has deemed the ingredient acceptable in Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt body care product quality standards.
Sodiumpolyitaconate is a polyitaconic acid which is partially neutralised with sodium salt.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt has a raw white colour, is odourless and easily soluble in water.
In addition, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is biodegradable and 100% bio-based.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt, as the ingredient is also known by name, is produced by creating itaconic acid through the fermentation of carbohydrates such as corn.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt helps with the stabilisation of the product, by stabilising the surfactants.
This allows for gentler formulations with conditioning properties.
Ingredients like this are essential because they give the active, nourishing ingredients the right conditions to be effective, while the formulation remains mild and gentle on the skin.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is used in many different care products, including shampoos and conditioners, body washes, hand soaps and creams, and is very mild on the eyes and skin.
So Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt doesn’t cause stinging eyes or irritated skin.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is even so mild that Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is accepted for use in the food industry.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is neither allergenic nor endocrine disrupting, nor is Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt suspected to be.
The allergenicity of the ingredient means that both children and adults can use products with Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt without worrying about having allergic reactions or an increased likelihood of developing contact allergies.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt 100% natural polymer provides humidity resistant style retention, volume and anti-frizz performance.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt exceptional sensory and look makes Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt the ideal choice for natural and nude styling products that deliver touchable hold.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salts, a 100% natural polymer, offers moisture resistant styles, volume and anti-frizz performance.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt exceptional sensory and optical properties make Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt the ideal solution for natural and uncomplicated styling products that provide a noticeable hold.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salts you create hair styling products that give your hair a more natural hold.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt can be used in a variety of formulations, from mousses to creams to sprays.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt itself is of natural origin and is manufactured using an extremely environmentally friendly manufacturing process.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salts is compatible with numerous hair styling ingredients and preservatives such as panthenol, silicones, sorbitol, propylene glycol and polyethylene glycols.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt exceptional sensory and look makes Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt the ideal choice for natural and nude styling products that deliver touchable hold.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt offers Natural conditioning, better foam texture & stability, and enhanced viscosity.
Add 100% bio-based Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt to hair care, skin care and liquid soap products to achieve gentler formulations with better conditioning and creamier, longer-lasting lather that leave a soft nourished feel on skin and hair.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is a homopolymer of itaconic acid that is natural, biodegradable, and does not contain any preservatives or additives.
100% bio-based conditioning agent Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt delivers multiple conditioning benefits and lubricity to skin and hair.
Cationic polymers are often added to cleansing products to counteract undesirable drying effects of surfactants and sodium chloride.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt has demonstrated superior conditioning benefits on skin and hair in sensory study comparisons to polyquaternium-10 and guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride.
With the ability to improve foam quality and build viscosity with less surfactant and sodium chloride, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt further enables personal care and home care formulators to improve conditioning and lubricity with products that are gentler on hair and natural oils of the skin.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is a 100% bio-based polymer certified by the Natural Products Association that offers formulators new opportunities to add conditioning for improved hair or skin feel in natural shampoos, body washes, conditioners, moisturizers, and bar soaps.
Enhance foam with less surfactants Consumer perceptions of product quality and richness in cleansing products often depend on the viscosity of Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt and the volume of foam generated during use.
The higher levels of surfactants added to generate this perception increase the harshness of a formulation by causing tightness, dryness, irritation and even barrier damage to skin.
Addition of Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt allows the formulator to create a milder formulation by reducing concentration of surfactants while preserving the foam volume and richness.
Maintain viscosity with less salt Sodium chloride is commonly used in surfactant-based formulations to increase viscosity and improve customer perception of product quality.
Salt, however, further contributes to skin dryness.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt allows the formulator to maintain target viscosity while reducing salt content.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is polyitaconic acid partially neutralized with sodium salt.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is in the form of a gray-white granular substance.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt helps to stabilize surface-active substances and makes Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt possible to create a finer composition.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is mostly part of natural products for the dishwasher.
Sometimes also personal care products, hair and skin products.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is a non-sensitizing and gentle substance that is very biodegradable and decomposable.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is a water soluble polymer.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is a low molecular weight linear polyitaconic acid partially neutralized with sodium salt.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is a high-performance, bio-based polymer that has gained attention for its exceptional water-absorption, retention, and dispersing properties, making it valuable across multiple industries.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is synthesized from itaconic acid, a renewable dicarboxylic acid derived from microbial fermentation of carbohydrates, such as corn starch or sugarcane, making it an environmentally friendly alternative to petroleum-based polymers.
One of Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt’s most notable characteristics is its superabsorbent capacity, allowing it to retain large amounts of water relative to its weight while gradually releasing moisture over time.
This property makes Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt highly beneficial in agricultural applications, where it improves soil hydration, enhances plant growth, and reduces water consumption, particularly in drought-prone regions.
By acting as a soil conditioner, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt prevents nutrient leaching and improves soil aeration, creating a more favorable environment for root development.
Beyond agriculture, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt plays a crucial role in the personal care and cosmetic industries.
As a natural humectant, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt helps maintain skin hydration, improve product texture, and enhance the stability of formulations, making it a preferred ingredient in moisturizers, serums, lotions, shampoos, and conditioners.
Due to its anionic nature and excellent dispersing ability, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is also widely used in detergents and cleaning products, where it prevents the redeposition of dirt and enhances stain removal efficiency.
In industrial applications, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt serves as an effective dispersing agent in coatings, adhesives, and cement formulations, improving their performance and longevity.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt also finds use in water treatment solutions, where it helps in ion exchange and scale inhibition, contributing to more efficient purification processes.
A major advantage of Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt over conventional superabsorbent polymers, such as sodium polyacrylate, is its biodegradability and non-toxic profile, making it safer for the environment and reducing concerns over microplastic pollution.
This makes Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt particularly attractive for eco-conscious industries looking to adopt sustainable alternatives in their formulations.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt’s ability to function across a wide pH range and maintain stability under various environmental conditions further enhances its usability in different applications.
With growing demand for sustainable and high-performance materials, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is emerging as a key ingredient in the development of advanced, environmentally friendly solutions that address critical challenges in agriculture, personal care, cleaning, and industrial sectors.
Market Overview of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
The global market for Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is experiencing steady growth, driven by increasing demand for eco-friendly, high-performance polymers across multiple industries.
As sustainability concerns rise, industries are shifting toward biodegradable and bio-based alternatives, positioning Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt as a viable replacement for synthetic superabsorbent polymers like sodium polyacrylate.
The agricultural sector is a major driver of demand, as farmers and agribusinesses seek solutions to improve soil moisture retention and enhance crop yields, particularly in regions facing water scarcity.
Additionally, the expansion of the cosmetics and personal care industry is contributing to market growth, with increasing use of Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt in skincare and haircare formulations due to its humectant and moisturizing properties.
The cleaning and detergent industry is another significant market, where Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is used as a dispersing and anti-redeposition agent to improve washing performance.
Industrial applications, including water treatment, coatings, adhesives, cement, and textiles, are further expanding the market as manufacturers seek advanced functional polymers with high stability and performance.
North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific are key regions driving market growth, with Asia-Pacific leading due to Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt’s strong agricultural base, growing personal care sector, and increasing industrial demand.
The market is also benefiting from regulatory support for sustainable materials, particularly in Europe and North America, where stricter environmental regulations encourage the adoption of biodegradable polymers.
Despite Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt’s promising growth, challenges such as high production costs and limited large-scale availability compared to conventional polymers may impact market expansion.
However, advancements in biotechnology and fermentation processes are expected to enhance production efficiency, reduce costs, and further drive adoption.
With ongoing research and innovation, the Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt market is poised for continued growth, supported by rising environmental awareness, increased investment in sustainable materials, and expanding applications in various industries.
Uses of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is a versatile, bio-based polymer with a wide range of applications across various industries due to its exceptional water retention, dispersing, and eco-friendly properties.
In agriculture, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt serves as an effective soil conditioner, enhancing moisture retention, reducing water consumption, and preventing nutrient leaching, ultimately improving crop yield and plant health.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt’s ability to absorb and slowly release water makes it particularly useful in drought-prone areas and for seed coating applications.
In the cosmetics and personal care industry, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt functions as a humectant, providing long-lasting hydration in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and hair care formulations while also improving texture and product stability.
The cleaning industry benefits from its dispersing capabilities, as Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt prevents dirt redeposition in laundry and dishwashing detergents, enhances stain removal, and acts as a chelating agent to improve cleaning efficiency in hard water conditions.
Additionally, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is widely used in industrial applications such as water treatment, coatings, adhesives, cement formulations, and textile processing, where it enhances performance and durability.
With its biodegradable and non-toxic nature, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic superabsorbent polymers, reducing microplastic pollution and contributing to sustainability efforts.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is also being explored for medical and pharmaceutical applications, including hydrogel-based wound care and drug delivery systems.
As industries seek greener, high-performance materials, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt continues to gain prominence as a sustainable solution in water retention, dispersion, and industrial applications.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt has a wide range of applications due to its excellent water retention, dispersing, and environmentally friendly properties.
Below are some of Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt’s key uses across different industries:
Agriculture & Horticulture:
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt acts as a soil conditioner to improve water retention, reducing the need for frequent irrigation.
Enhances crop yield and plant health by preventing water loss and ensuring gradual moisture release.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt prevents nutrient leaching, helping plants absorb fertilizers more efficiently.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is used in seed coatings to maintain moisture and support germination.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt helps in reforestation and landscaping by improving soil hydration, especially in dry climates.
Cosmetics & Personal Care:
Functions as a humectant and moisturizer in skincare products such as lotions, serums, and creams, helping retain hydration.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt improves the texture and stability of hair care products like shampoos and conditioners.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt acts as a thickening agent in cosmetic formulations, giving products a smoother and more luxurious feel.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt provides long-lasting hydration in face masks, gels, and serums.
Cleaning & Detergents:
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is used as a dispersing agent in laundry and dishwashing detergents, preventing dirt from redepositing onto fabrics or surfaces.
Enhances the cleaning efficiency of detergents by improving stain removal.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt acts as a chelating agent, helping to soften water and improve the performance of cleaning products.
Industrial Applications:
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is used in water treatment for scale inhibition, ion exchange, and impurity removal.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt serves as a dispersant in paints, coatings, and adhesives, improving consistency and performance.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt helps cement and concrete formulations by improving workability and durability.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is used in textile processing as a stabilizer and dispersing agent in dyeing and printing.
Environmental & Sustainability Applications:
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is used in biodegradable superabsorbent materials as an alternative to synthetic polymers like sodium polyacrylate.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt helps in erosion control and desertification prevention by retaining soil moisture.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt reduces microplastic pollution due to its natural biodegradability.
Medical & Pharmaceutical Applications (Emerging Use):
Being explored for use in wound care products and hydrogel formulations for controlled moisture management.
Potential applications in drug delivery systems due to Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt’s biocompatibility and water-binding properties.
Benefits of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
Surfactants reduced by 20%,
No cationic polymer,
Salt reduced by 60%.
Benefit Claims of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
Creamy Texture,
Foam Enhancement,
Hair Softening,
Softening,
Conditioning,
Long Lasting,
Imparts Lubricity,
Foam Stability,
Outstanding Skin feel,
Soft Feel,
Hair Straightening,
Strengthening,
Foaming,
Broad pH Stability,
Nourishing,
Moisturizing,
Viscosity Boosting,
Hair Conditioning,
Skin Conditioning.
Advantages of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
Improve hair or skin feel with natural conditioning,
Increase foam height, strength and stability for dense, creamy lather,
Gain desired foam performance with less surfactant,
Reach target viscosity with less added salt,
Reduce surfactant concentration and added salt for formulations, gentler on skin and hair,
Increase sustainability of formulations,
Certified by the Natural Products Association for personal care products.
Production of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
The production of Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt involves several key steps, starting with the microbial fermentation of renewable raw materials to obtain itaconic acid, followed by polymerization and neutralization with sodium ions.
The process is considered environmentally friendly, as Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt relies on bio-based feedstocks and does not involve petroleum-derived chemicals.
Raw Material Sourcing:
The primary raw material for Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt production is itaconic acid, which is derived from the fermentation of carbohydrates such as corn starch, sugarcane, or other biomass sources.
Fungi, particularly Aspergillus terreus, are commonly used in the fermentation process to convert sugars into itaconic acid.
Polymerization Process:
Once itaconic acid is obtained, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt undergoes polymerization to form polyitaconic acid.
This process can be achieved through various polymerization techniques, including:
Free radical polymerization, where initiators such as peroxides or azo compounds are used to promote the reaction.
Controlled/living polymerization methods, which allow for better control over molecular weight and polymer structure.
Neutralization with Sodium Hydroxide:
After polymerization, the resulting polyitaconic acid is neutralized using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or other sodium-containing compounds to form Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt.
This step enhances the polymer’s water solubility and ionic properties, making it effective for Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt’s intended applications.
Purification and Drying:
Once neutralization is complete, the Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt solution undergoes filtration and purification to remove impurities.
The final product can be processed into liquid, powder, or granulated form, depending on Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt’s intended use.
Spray drying or freeze-drying techniques may be used to obtain a powdered or granulated product for easy handling and storage.
Quality Control & Packaging:
The final product undergoes quality testing to ensure it meets industry standards for water retention, dispersibility, biodegradability, and molecular weight consistency.
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is then packaged in bags, containers, or bulk tanks, ready for distribution across various industries, including agriculture, cosmetics, detergents, and industrial applications.
Future Production Advancements:
With increasing demand for sustainable materials, research is focused on optimizing fermentation efficiency, polymerization techniques, and cost-effective production methods to improve scalability and reduce costs.
Advancements in biotechnology and enzyme engineering may further enhance production yields, making Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt more accessible and competitive in the global market.
History of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
The history of Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is closely tied to the discovery and development of itaconic acid, its primary building block.
Itaconic acid was first identified in the early 19th century by Swiss chemist Samuel Baup in 1836, who isolated it by heating citric acid.
However, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt’s large-scale production and potential applications were not explored until much later.
In the 20th century, researchers began investigating biotechnological methods to produce itaconic acid using microbial fermentation.
In the 1940s, scientists discovered that Aspergillus terreus, a type of fungus, could efficiently produce itaconic acid through fermentation, paving the way for industrial-scale production.
By the 1950s and 1960s, itaconic acid gained interest for its use in polymer chemistry, as it provided a bio-based alternative to petroleum-derived monomers.
During the late 20th and early 21st century, advancements in polymerization techniques led to the development of polyitaconic acid and its derivatives, including Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt.
Researchers focused on Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt’s ability to absorb and retain water, as well as its dispersing properties, leading to growing interest in agriculture, cosmetics, cleaning products, and industrial applications.
The increasing demand for biodegradable and sustainable polymers in the 2010s and 2020s accelerated research and commercialization efforts, positioning Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt as an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic superabsorbent polymers like sodium polyacrylate.
Today, Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is recognized as a high-performance, bio-based polymer with applications across multiple industries, and ongoing research continues to explore new ways to enhance its production, functionality, and market potential.
Handling and Storage of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
Handling:
Precautions:
Handle with care to avoid inhalation of dust or contact with eyes.
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and safety goggles when handling the material in bulk form.
Avoidance:
Avoid inhaling dust during handling, especially in powdered form.
Minimize prolonged skin contact.
Clean-Up:
In the event of spillage, sweep up the material and dispose of it properly.
Ensure that the workspace is well-ventilated to prevent accumulation of dust.
Storage:
Storage Conditions:
Store in a cool, dry place, away from sources of heat or direct sunlight.
Keep the material in tightly closed containers to avoid moisture absorption.
Storage Temperature:
5°C to 30°C (Room temperature).
Incompatibilities:
Keep away from strong acids and oxidizing agents to prevent reactions.
Stability and Reactivity of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
Chemical Stability:
Stable under normal conditions of use and storage.
Decomposition:
Decomposes at temperatures above 200°C, releasing carbon oxides and other decomposition products.
pH Stability:
Stable within a pH range of 6.0 to 9.0 in aqueous solutions.
Reactivity:
Incompatibilities:
Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is stable when in contact with common chemicals but may interact with strong acids and oxidizing agents.
Avoid mixing with materials that can cause polymer degradation.
Hazardous Reactions:
May undergo slow degradation under extreme pH or temperature conditions, but no significant hazardous reactions are known under normal conditions.
First Aid Measures of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
Inhalation:
Coughing, irritation in the respiratory tract, or difficulty breathing.
Move the person to an area with fresh air.
If symptoms persist, seek medical attention.
Skin Contact:
May cause mild irritation with prolonged exposure.
Wash affected area with soap and water.
If irritation persists, seek medical advice.
Eye Contact:
Eye irritation, redness, or watering.
Rinse eyes immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring eyelids are held open.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Ingestion:
May cause mild gastrointestinal irritation (unlikely in typical handling).
Rinse mouth with water.
Drink 1–2 glasses of water if the material was ingested, but do not induce vomiting.
If symptoms persist, seek medical advice.
Firefighting Measures of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, foam, or dry chemical extinguishers.
Carbon dioxide (CO₂) may also be used for small fires.
Unsuitable extinguishing media:
Avoid using a direct water jet as Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt may spread the fire.
Hazards from Combustion:
Decomposition Products:
When heated to high temperatures, the polymer may decompose and release carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and other harmful gases.
Firefighting Procedures:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective gear.
Evacuate the area if necessary and allow the fire to burn out if Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt is small, as this material is not highly flammable under typical conditions.
Accidental Release Measures of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
Personal Precautions:
Wear appropriate PPE such as gloves, safety goggles, and dust masks to prevent direct contact or inhalation of the material.
Environmental Precautions:
Prevent material from entering water systems, drainage systems, or soil.
If released into the environment, prevent runoff and collect the material for disposal.
Methods for Clean-Up:
Sweep up the material carefully, using a dust suppressant or wet method if necessary to minimize airborne dust.
Place the collected material into appropriate waste containers for disposal.
Exposure Controls/Personal Protective Equipment of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
Exposure Limits:
No established occupational exposure limits for Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt.
However, the general recommendation is to minimize exposure to airborne dust through proper ventilation and PPE.
Engineering Controls:
Ventilation:
Use local exhaust ventilation or dust collection systems to maintain air quality and minimize dust exposure, especially when handling powdered forms.
Ensure adequate ventilation in areas where large quantities are handled to prevent dust accumulation and inhalation.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Respiratory Protection:
Use a dust mask or respirator if airborne dust concentration is high.
Skin Protection:
Wear protective gloves and long-sleeved clothing to prevent prolonged skin contact, especially in industrial-scale operations.
Eye Protection:
Use safety goggles to protect eyes from dust or accidental splashes in case of spills or releases.
Footwear:
Wear closed-toe safety shoes to prevent contact with large quantities of material in case of spillage.
Identifiers of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
Chemical Name: Poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate) sodium salt
CAS Number: 97-65-4
Molecular Formula:
(C5H6O4)n.Nax
Molecular Weight: Variable, depending on the degree of polymerization
IUPAC Name: Sodium poly(2-methylidenebutanedioate)
EC Number: 202-599-6
Appearance: White to off-white powder or granules
Solubility: Water-soluble
pH Range: Typically neutral to slightly alkaline in aqueous solutions
Melting Point: Not applicable
Biodegradability: High
Properties of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
Appearance: White to off-white powder, granules, or liquid form
Solubility: Highly water-soluble
pH Range: Typically 6.0 – 9.0 in aqueous solutions
Density: Varies depending on formulation and concentration
Melting Point: Not applicable (polymeric structure)
Decomposition Temperature: Can degrade at high temperatures (>200°C)
Odor: Odorless or slightly characteristic odor
Hygroscopicity: High, due to its strong water-absorbing properties
Molecular Weight: 174.06 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 173.99049717 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 173.99049717 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area: 80.3 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 11
Complexity: 147
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Appearance: White to off-white powder, granules, or liquid
Odor: Odorless or mild characteristic odor
Density: Varies based on molecular weight and form (typically 1.2–1.5 g/cm³)
Solubility: Highly water-soluble (dissolves well in aqueous solutions)
Hygroscopicity: Highly hygroscopic (absorbs and retains moisture from the environment)
Melting Point: Not applicable (polymeric structure)
Decomposition Temperature: Above 200°C, depending on molecular weight
Specifications of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
Appearance: White to off-white powder, granules, or viscous liquid
Purity: ≥ 90% (based on active polymer content)
Solubility: Water-soluble
Molecular Weight: Typically between 10,000 to 100,000 Da, depending on polymerization
pH of 1% Aqueous Solution: 6.0 – 9.0 (neutral to slightly alkaline)
Moisture Content: ≤ 10% (for powder or granules)
Ash Content: ≤ 5% (measured as residue after combustion)
Viscosity (at 1% concentration): Typically 10–1000 cP (depends on the degree of polymerization)
Degree of Crosslinking: Varies based on the specific application or manufacturer
Names of Poly(2-Methylidenebutanedioate) Sodium Salt:
Regulatory process names:
Sodium itaconate
Sodium itaconate
sodium itaconate
IUPAC names:
disodium 2-methylidenebutanedioate
sodium;3-carboxybut-3-enoate
Other identifier:
50976-31-3