PYRENE
PYRENE
Pyrene is primarily found in coal tar, crude oil, and as a byproduct of various combustion processes, including the burning of fossil fuels and organic matter.
Pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with the chemical formula C16H10, known for its unique structure and properties, consisting of four fused benzene rings arranged in a planar configuration.
Pyrene is used in the manufacturing of dyes, pigments, and other chemical products, with derivatives incorporated into polymer materials to enhance their stability and performance.
CAS Number: 129-00-0
EC Number: 204-927-3
Molecular Formula: C16H10
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 202.25
Synonyms: PYRENE, 129-00-0, Benzo[def]phenanthrene, Pyren, beta-Pyrene, Benzo(def)phenanthrene, .beta.-Pyrene, C16H10, CHEBI:39106, 9E0T7WFW93, CHEMBL279564, Coal tar pitch volatiles:pyrene, DTXSID3024289, NSC-17534, NSC-66449, Pyrene sublimed grade, 1228182-40-8, 1346601-04-4, NCGC00090910-03, Pyren [German], 41496-25-7, CCRIS 1256, HSDB 4023, Pyrene[def]phenanthrene, EINECS 204-927-3, NSC 17534, UNII-9E0T7WFW93, AI3-23977, Pyrene, Powder, Coal tar pitch volatiles: pyrene, Pyren(GERMAN), MFCD00004136, Pyrene, 98%, Pyrene-[13C6], PYRENE [HSDB], PYRENE [IARC], {Benzo[def]phenanthrene}, Pyrene-[13C16], PYRENE [MI], Epitope ID:119715, EC 204-927-3, Pyrene, analytical standard, Pyrene, crystalline, 95%, Pyrene (ACD/Name 4.0), BIDD:ER0347, Pyrene, sublimed grade, 99%, DTXCID804289, Pyrene (purified by sublimation), HMS3749I11, CS-B1735, NSC17534, NSC66449, WLN: L666 B6 2AB PJ, ZINC1758808, Pyrene 10 microg/mL in Cyclohexane, Tox21_400063, BDBM50214608, Pyrene 10 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, STL570454, AKOS000269680, Pyrene 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, Pyrene-4,5,9,10-[13C4], NCGC00090910-01, NCGC00090910-02, NCGC00090910-04, AS-13613, CAS-129-00-0, FT-0622695, FT-0674169, P1104, P2072, Pyrene, BCR(R) certified Reference Material, EN300-174930, A805889, AB-131/40897138, Pyrene, purum, for fluorescence, >=97.0% (GC), Q415723, Pyrene, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R), Q-201641, Z57901968, Pyrene, puriss. p.a., for fluorescence, >=99.0% (GC), Pyrene, certified reference material, 1000 mug/mL in methanol, 129-00-0 [RN], 1307225 [Beilstein], 204-927-3 [EINECS], Benzo[def]phenanthrene, L666 B6 2AB PJ [WLN], MFCD00004136 [MDL number], Pirene [Italian], Pyren [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name], Pyrene [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name] [Wiki], Pyrène [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name], UR2450000, UR2450000 [RTECS], Пирен [Russian], ピレン [Japanese], 芘 [Chinese], 1280594-97-9 [RN], 128076-63-1 [RN], Benzo(def)phenanthrene, C030984, N-(2,4,6-Trinitrophenyl)-2-pyridinamine [ACD/IUPAC Name], N-(2,4,6-TRINITROPHENYL)PYRIDIN-2-AMINE, NCGC00090910-02, Pireno [Portuguese], Pyren [German], QA-3370, ST5214713, β-pyrene, β-Pyrene
Pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with the chemical formula C16H10, known for its unique structure and properties.
Pyrene consists of four fused benzene rings arranged in a planar configuration, giving it a high degree of stability and a distinct aromatic character.
Pyrene is typically encountered as a colorless or pale yellow solid at room temperature, with a melting point of approximately 156 °C and a boiling point of about 404 °C.
Pyrene is primarily found in coal tar, crude oil, and as a byproduct of various combustion processes, including the burning of fossil fuels and organic matter.
Pyrene can also be synthesized in the laboratory through several chemical reactions, including the cyclization of phenylacetylene or by the photolysis of benzene derivatives.
Pyrene exhibits interesting photophysical properties, including strong fluorescence, making it useful in various applications.
In research, Pyrene is frequently used as a probe in fluorescence spectroscopy to study the behavior of molecules in different environments, particularly in the field of biochemistry and biophysics.
Pyrene’s fluorescent properties allow it to be employed in applications such as DNA labeling, where it helps visualize nucleic acids in biological samples.
In addition to its role in research, pyrene is used in the manufacturing of dyes, pigments, and other chemical products.
Pyrene’s derivatives are incorporated into polymer materials, contributing to their stability and performance.
Furthermore, pyrene is a component in the formulation of certain types of lubricants and fuels, owing to its hydrophobic nature and chemical stability.
Despite its utility, pyrene has garnered attention due to its potential health and environmental effects.
As a PAH, Pyrene is considered a pollutant that can accumulate in the environment and in living organisms.
Pyrene has been shown to be toxic to aquatic life and can pose risks to human health, particularly through inhalation or dermal exposure.
Research has linked pyrene to various adverse effects, including potential carcinogenicity, prompting regulatory scrutiny.
Handling pyrene requires appropriate safety precautions, including the use of personal protective equipment, as exposure can lead to skin and eye irritation and other health issues.
Storage conditions should be controlled to prevent degradation and ensure safety, typically in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible substances.
In summary, pyrene is a significant compound within the realm of organic chemistry and environmental science, valued for its unique properties and diverse applications while also being monitored for its potential health and environmental risks.
Pyrene’s dual nature as both a useful chemical and a potential pollutant highlights the complexities surrounding polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in contemporary research and industry.
The chemical formula is C16H10.
This yellow solid is the smallest peri-fused PAH (one where the rings are fused through more than one face).
Pyrene forms during incomplete combustion of organic compounds.
Pyrene is a colorless solid, solid and solutions have a slight blue fluorescence.
Pyrene is used in biochemical research.
Pyrene is a parent class of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons containing four fused rings.
Pyrene is an ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system.
Pyrene has a role as a fluorescent probe and a persistent organic pollutant.
Aromatic discotic liquid crystals which exhibits photogeneration of electron-hole pair are used widely in light emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells and field effect transistors.
Pyrene is an aromatic discotic crystal which is widely used as a fluorescent dye or as an ambipolar charge carrier in Organic Light Emitting Diodes.
Pyrene is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, for intermediate use only.
Pyrene is used at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Pyrene is a pale yellow crystalline hydrocarbon C16H10 that fluoresces blue in solution, that is obtained from coal-tar distillation, from petroleum cracking, and from stupp and is also made synthetically, and that consists structurally of a cluster of four compactly fused benzene rings
Pyrene is one of a group of chemicals called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs for short.
PAHs are often found together in groups of two or more.
They can exist in over 100 different combinations but the most common are treated as a group of 15.
PAHs are found naturally in the environment but they can also be man-made.
Pyrene is colorless crystal-like solid but can also look yellow.
PAHs are created when products like coal, oil, gas, and garbage is burned but the burning process is not complete.
Very little information is available on the individual chemicals within the PAH group.
Most of the information available is for the PAH group as a whole.
Pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system.
The chemical formula is C16H10.
This colourless solid is the smallest peri-fused PAH (one where the rings are fused through more than one face).
Pyrene forms during incomplete combustion of organic compounds.
Although Pyrene is not as problematic as benzopyrene, animal studies have shown pyrene is toxic to the kidneys and the liver.
Pyrene is found to be a component of coal tar, pitch and used for production of dyes, plastics, benz[a]pyrene and pesticides.
Pyrene has been used as a model compound for metabolism of high molecular weight PAH.
In M. vanbalenii PYR-1, metabolism of pyrene starts with hydroxylation to form cis-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydropyrene, which is converted to 4,5-dihydroxypyrene by the action of dehydrogenase.
4,5-Dihydroxypyrene is ring-cleaved by dioxygenase to yield phenanthrene 4,5-dicarboxylate, which is further decarboxylated to yield phenanthrene-4-carboxylate.
Subsequent actions of carboxylate dioxygenase and dehydrogenase, Pyrene is converted to 3,4-dihydroxyphenanthrene and further metabolism proceeds via phenanthrene metabolic route.
In an alternate pathway, pyrene is oxidized through pyrene-4,5-monooxygenase to yield pyrene-4,5-oxide.
An epoxide hydrolase enzyme further convert Pyrene to trans-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydropyrene.
Pyrene has been used as a starting material for producing optical brighteners and dyes.
Notable pyrene sources include domestic heating sources, particularly wood burning; gasoline fuel exhaust; coal tar and asphalt; and cigarette smoke.
Pyrene is commonly found in PAH mixtures, and Pyrene urinary metabolite, 1-hydroxypyrene, has been used widely as an indicator of exposure to PAH chemicals, particularly in occupational exposure studies.
IARC determined that pyrene was not classifiable as to Pyrene human carcinogenicity.
Pyrene is a polyaromatic hydrocarbon with strong short-wavelength fluorescence.
Unlike other fluorescent dyes, polyaromatic hydrocarbons are fluorescent probes with a strong sensitivity to the microenvironment.
Thus, Pyrene fluorescence is different in polar, and nonpolar environments.
Other effects can also be observed.
When two pyrenes are in close proximity, they form excimers.
Excimer formation can be easily observed, and quantitatively estimated using fluorescent spectra.
Pyrene azide is a reagent for easy pyrene click chemistry labeling of any alkyne-bearing molecule.
Pyrene allows turning any molecule into a pyrene-bearing probe.
This azide contains a hydrophilic triethyleneglycol linker to mitigate intrinsic pyrene hydrophobicity and facilitate attachment to biomolecules in aqueous solutions.
Applications of Pyrene:
Pyrene’s fluorescence emission spectrum is very sensitive to solvent polarity, so pyrene has been used as a probe to determine solvent environments.
This is due to Pyrene excited state having a different, non-planar structure than the ground state.
Certain emission bands are unaffected, but others vary in intensity due to the strength of interaction with a solvent.
Diagram showing the numbering and ring fusion locations of pyrene according to IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry.
Pyrenes are strong electron donor materials and can be combined with several materials in order to make electron donor-acceptor systems which can be used in energy conversion and light harvesting applications.
Pyrene and its derivatives are electron-donor materials and can be used to prepare electron donor-acceptor systems for energy conversion and light harvesting applications like OLED and solar cells.
Pyrene can also be used as a probe to determine the critical micellar concentration of surfactants and to study the protein conformation and conformational changes by fluorescence spectroscopy.
Pyrene has a variety of applications across different fields due to its unique properties.
Here are some of the key applications:
Fluorescence Probes:
Pyrene is widely used in fluorescence spectroscopy as a probe to study molecular interactions, conformational changes, and dynamics in biochemical and biophysical research.
Pyrene’s strong fluorescence makes it an excellent choice for tracking biomolecules, such as DNA and proteins.
Polymer Additive:
Pyrene and its derivatives are used as additives in polymers to enhance their properties.
Pyrene improves thermal stability and UV resistance, making it suitable for use in coatings, plastics, and elastomers.
Chemical Intermediates:
Pyrene serves as a precursor for synthesizing various chemical compounds, including dyes and pigments.
Pyrene’s unique structure allows for the development of specialized materials with desired optical properties.
Environmental Monitoring:
As a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), pyrene is monitored in environmental studies to assess pollution levels, particularly in soil, water, and air.
Pyrene’s presence is an indicator of organic contamination, and its degradation products are also studied.
Research in Toxicology:
Pyrene is used in toxicological studies to evaluate the health effects of PAHs.
Pyrene’s effects on human health and the environment are of significant interest, particularly concerning carcinogenicity and ecological impact.
Lubricants and Fuels:
Pyrene is included in the formulation of some lubricants and fuels due to its hydrophobic properties, which can enhance the performance and stability of these products.
Organic Electronics:
Pyrene is utilized in the development of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic photovoltaics (OPVs) due to its ability to facilitate charge transport and its optical properties.
Nanotechnology:
In nanotechnology, pyrene is used to functionalize nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes, improving their stability and dispersion in various solvents.
Uses of Pyrene:
Most of the Pyrene’s are used to conduct research.
Like most PAHs, pyrene is used to make dyes, plastics and pesticides.
Pyrene has also been used to make another PAH called benzo(a)pyrene.
Pyrene is used in research.
Pyrene is used as a starting material in the production of optical brighteners and dyes.
Pyrene is a by-product of the pyrolysis of organic matter and is present in coal tar distillates, diesel exhaust, automobile exhaust, tobacco smoke, barbecue smoke, wood smoke, lake sediments, waste oils, and sewage.
Optical brighteners can be synthesized by reaction of pyrene with a complex of cyanuric chloride and aluminum chloride.
By analogy to fluoranthene, pyrene and alkylpyrenes can be used as additives in electro-insulating oils as well as in epoxy resins for electrical insulation.
Pyrene from coal-tar has been used as a starting material for the synthesis of benzo(a)pyrene.
Pyrene itself can serve as an electron donor to enhance the blackness in pencil leads.
Pyrene’s are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions.
Pyrene’s from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems.
They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food.
Pyrene is a versatile compound with a range of applications across various fields.
Pyrene is widely employed as a fluorescence probe in biochemical and biophysical research, allowing scientists to study molecular interactions and dynamics due to its strong fluorescence properties.
Additionally, pyrene is utilized as an additive in polymers to enhance thermal stability and UV resistance, making it suitable for coatings and plastics.
Pyrene’s unique structure also makes pyrene a valuable precursor for synthesizing dyes and pigments.
In environmental monitoring, pyrene serves as an indicator of organic pollution levels, while in toxicology, Pyrene is studied for its potential health effects as a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH).
Moreover, pyrene finds applications in lubricants and fuels to improve stability, and it is utilized in organic electronics, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic photovoltaics (OPVs), due to its charge transport capabilities.
In nanotechnology, pyrene is used to functionalize nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes, enhancing their stability and dispersion in various solvents.
Overall, pyrene’s diverse properties make it an essential compound in both industrial and research contexts.
Uses at industrial sites:
Pyrene has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Pyrene is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Pyrene can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).
Industry Uses:
Pigments
Features and Benefits of Pyrene:
Long intrinsic fluorescence lifetime, lipophilic hydrocarbon, facilitates charge transport due to the strong p-p interactions in the solid state.
π-system does not require protection during functionalization
Occurrence and Properties of Pyrene:
Pyrene was first isolated from coal tar, where Pyrene occurs up to 2% by weight.
As a peri-fused PAH, pyrene is much more resonance-stabilized than Pyrene five-member-ring containing isomer fluoranthene.
Therefore, Pyrene is produced in a wide range of combustion conditions.
For example, automobiles produce about 1 μg/km.
Reactions:
Oxidation with chromate affords perinaphthenone and then naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid.
Pyrene undergoes a series of hydrogenation reactions and is susceptible to halogenation, Diels-Alder additions, and nitration, all with varying degrees of selectivity.
Bromination occurs at one of the 3-positions.
Reduction with sodium affords the radical anion.
From this anion, a variety of pi-arene complexes can be prepared.
Photophysics:
Pyrene and its derivatives are used commercially to make dyes and dye precursors, for example pyranine and naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid.
Pyrene has strong absorbance in UV-Vis in three sharp bands at 330 nm in DCM.
The emission is close to the absorption, but moving at 375 nm.
The morphology of the signals change with the solvent.
Pyrene derivatives are also valuable molecular probes via fluorescence spectroscopy, having a high quantum yield and lifetime (0.65 and 410 nanoseconds, respectively, in ethanol at 293 K).
Pyrene was the first molecule for which excimer behavior was discovered.
Such excimer appears around 450 nm.
Theodor Förster reported this in 1954.
Manufacturing Methods of Pyrene:
Pyrene is found in products of incomplete combustion, fossil fuels, and high-temperature coal tar fractions, which on average contain ca. 2% pyrene.
Pyrene is recovered from a fraction crystallizing above 110 °C, which is obtained by redistillation of the high-boiling anthracene oil II or pitch distillate.
Pure pyrene is produced by recrystallization, e.g., from solvent naphtha or by fractional crystallization from the melt, followed by dephenolation and debasing, and by refining with 80% sulfuric acid.
Alternatively, pyrene-accompanying brasane (2, 3-benzodiphenylene oxide) can be separated by recrystallization from xylene in the presence of iron(III) chloride.
Traces of tetracene are removed by reaction with maleic anhydride.
Pyrene is obtained by the destructive hydrogenation of hard coal.
Pyrene can be synthesized via bromination of o,o’-ditolyl.
The resulting intermediate is transformed into Pyrene corresponding dicarboxylic acid via dinitrile intermediates.
Cyclization takes place in the presence of zinc dust.
An alternative route to pyrene is the reaction of peri-trimethylenenapthalene with malonyl chloride and AlCl3.
Pyrene is also accessible via the Reformatsky reaction of 4-keto-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene
Human Metabolite Information of Pyrene:
Cellular Locations:
Membrane
Analytic Laboratory Methods of Pyrene:
Method: NIOSH 5515, Issue 2
Procedure: gas chromatography, capillary column, flame ionization detection
Analyte: pyrene
Matrix: air
Detection Limit: 0.3 to 0.5 ug /sample.
Method: NIOSH 5506, Issue 3
Procedure: high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence/ultraviolet detector
Analyte: pyrene
Matrix: air
Detection Limit: 0.0010-0.30 ug/sample.
Method: OSHA 58
Procedure: high performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence or ultraviolet detector
Analyte: pyrene
Matrix: air
Detection Limit: 0.260 ug/cu m.
Method: DOE OM100R
Procedure: gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with ion trap detector
Analyte: pyrene
Matrix: solid waste matrices, soils, and groundwater
Detection Limit: 53 ug/L.
Handling and Storage of Pyrene:
Handling:
When working with pyrene, use it in a well-ventilated area, preferably under a fume hood.
Avoid inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact.
Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and lab coats to minimize exposure.
Storage:
Store pyrene in a cool, dry place away from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers and acids.
Keep containers tightly closed and clearly labeled.
Ensure storage areas are well-ventilated to prevent accumulation of vapors.
Stability and Reactivity of Pyrene:
Stability:
Pyrene is stable under normal conditions.
However, Pyrene should be kept away from heat, sparks, and open flames to prevent combustion.
Pyrene can degrade upon prolonged exposure to light.
Reactivity:
Pyrene may react with strong oxidizing agents, which can lead to combustion or explosive mixtures.
Avoid contact with strong acids or bases that could alter its chemical structure.
First Aid Measures of Pyrene:
Inhalation:
Move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen and seek medical attention.
Skin Contact:
Wash the affected area with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
Remove contaminated clothing and seek medical advice if irritation persists.
Eye Contact:
Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do.
Continue rinsing and seek medical attention if irritation occurs.
Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth and seek medical attention immediately.
Firefighting Measures of Pyrene:
Extinguishing Media:
Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide to extinguish fires involving pyrene.
Avoid using water jets, as they may spread the fire.
Firefighting Instructions:
Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing.
Cool containers exposed to fire with water to prevent pressure buildup.
Accidental Release Measures of Pyrene:
Personal Precautions:
Evacuate the area and ensure adequate ventilation.
Use appropriate PPE to prevent exposure.
Containment and Cleanup:
Contain spills using inert materials (e.g., sand or earth) and absorb liquids with absorbent pads.
Collect the spilled material in appropriate waste containers for disposal.
Dispose of in accordance with local regulations.
Exposure Controls/Personal Protective Equipment of Pyrene:
Engineering Controls:
Ensure adequate ventilation in areas where pyrene is used or stored.
Fume hoods are recommended for laboratory settings.
Personal Protective Equipment:
Use gloves, safety goggles, lab coats, and respiratory protection if exposure limits are exceeded.
Consider using chemical-resistant gloves and face shields when handling pyrene in larger quantities or during cleanup operations.
Identifiers of Pyrene:
CAS Number: 129-00-0
Beilstein Reference: 1307225
ChEBI: CHEBI:39106
ChEMBL: ChEMBL279564
ChemSpider: 29153
ECHA InfoCard: 100.004.481
Gmelin Reference: 84203
KEGG: C14335
PubChem CID: 31423
RTECS number: UR2450000
UNII: 9E0T7WFW93
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID3024289
InChI:InChI=1S/C16H10/c1-3-11-7-9-13-5-2-6-14-10-8-12(4-1)15(11)16(13)14/h1-10H
Key: BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C16H10/c1-3-11-7-9-13-5-2-6-14-10-8-12(4-1)15(11)16(13)14/h1-10H
Key: BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYAB
SMILES: c1cc2cccc3c2c4c1cccc4cc3
EC / List no.: 204-927-3
CAS no.: 129-00-0
Mol. formula: C16H10
Synonym(s): Benzo[def]phenanthrene
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C16H10
CAS Number: 129-00-0
Molecular Weight: 202.25
Beilstein: 1307225
EC Number: 204-927-3
MDL number: MFCD00004136
PubChem Substance ID: 24851146
NACRES: NA.23
CAS: 129-00-0
Molecular Formula: C16H10
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 202.25
MDL Number: MFCD00004136
InChI Key: BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID: 31423
ChEBI: CHEBI:39106
IUPAC Name: pyrene
SMILES: C1=CC2=C3C(=C1)C=CC4=CC=CC(=C43)C=C2
CAS number: 129-00-0
EC number: 204-927-3
Hill Formula: C₁₆H₁₀
Molar Mass: 202.26 g/mol
HS Code: 2902 90 00
Properties of Pyrene:
Chemical formula: C16H10
Molar mass: 202.256 g·mol−1
Appearance: colorless solid (yellow impurities are often found at trace levels in many samples).
Density: 1.271 g/mL
Melting point: 145 to 148 °C (293 to 298 °F; 418 to 421 K)
Boiling point: 404 °C (759 °F; 677 K)
Solubility in water: 0.146 mg/L
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -147.9·10−6 cm3/mol
Boiling point: 393 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 1.27 g/cm3 (23 °C)
Flash point: 224 °C
Melting Point: 151.2 °C
Vapor pressure: 0.002 hPa (20 °C)
Bulk density: 650 kg/m3
Solubility: 0.134 g/l
Quality Level: 100
Assay: 98%
mp: 145-148 °C (lit.)
SMILES string: c1cc2ccc3cccc4ccc(c1)c2c34
InChI: 1S/C16H10/c1-3-11-7-9-13-5-2-6-14-10-8-12(4-1)15(11)16(13)14/h1-10H
InChI key: BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Hygroscopic: Yes
Light Sensitive: Yes
Molecular Formula: C57H89N2O10PS
Percent Composition: C 66.77%, H 8.75%, N 2.73%, O 15.60%, P 3.02%, S 3.13%
Purity: >99%
Stability: 1 Year
Storage Temperature: -20°C
CAS Number: 384832-93-3
CAS Registry: Number is a Registered Trademark of the American Chemical Society
Formula WeightÇ 1025.363
Exact Mass: 1024.598
Molecular Weight: 202.25
XLogP3: 4.9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 202.078250319
Monoisotopic Mass: 202.078250319
Topological Polar Surface Area: 0 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 16
Complexity: 217
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Specifications of Pyrene:
Assay (GC, area%): ≥ 96.0 % (a/a)
Melting range (lower value): ≥ 147 °C
Melting range (upper value): ≤ 151 °C
Identity (IR): passes test
Melting Point: 148°C to 152°C
Color: Green-Yellow to Yellow
Boiling Point: 393°C
Flash Point: 210°C
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Assay Percent Range: 97.5% min. (GC)
Packaging: Glass bottle
Quantity: 500 g
Beilstein: 05,693
Fieser: 04,414
Merck Index: 15,8074
Solubility Information:
Solubility in water: almost insoluble.
Other solubilities: soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene and toluene, slightly soluble in carbon tetrachloride
Formula Weight: 202.25
Percent Purity: 98%
Physical Form: Crystals and/or Chunks
Chemical Name or Material: Pyrene
Names of Pyrene:
Regulatory process names:
Benzo(def)phenanthrene
beta-Pyrene
Pyren
Pyrene
CAS name:
Pyrene
IUPAC names:
Pyrene
pyrene
Preferred IUPAC name:
Pyrene
Other names:
Benzo[def]phenanthrene
Other identifiers:
129-00-0
76165-23-6
76165-23-6