SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE

Sodium dodecyl sulfate, commonly known as SDS, is a highly versatile anionic surfactant utilized extensively in both laboratory and industrial settings due to its properties such as detergency, moistening, foaming, emulsifying, and dispersity.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is role in various applications, including cleaning products like detergents, stabilizing emulsions, and aiding in gel electrophoresis for protein separation, underscores its significance across diverse fields.

Despite Sodium dodecyl sulfate is widespread use and recognized safety by international security organizations, it’s important to note that SDS, while generally regarded as non-toxic and biodegradable, can exhibit biochemical and physiological effects, such as altering protein structure and function, and may pose environmental hazards if not properly managed.

CAS Number: 151-21-3

EC Number: 205-788-1

Molecular Formula: C12H25NaO4S

Molecular Weight: 288.38

Synonyms: Sodium dodecyl sulfate, 151-21-3, SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE, Sodium dodecylsulfate, Sodium lauryl sulphate, Sodium dodecyl sulphate, Neutrazyme, Sodium n-dodecyl sulfate, Irium, Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt, Dodecyl sulfate sodium salt, Dodecyl sodium sulfate, Dodecyl sulfate, sodium salt, Anticerumen, Duponal, Duponol, Gardinol, Sodium monododecyl sulfate, Dreft, Aquarex methyl, Duponol methyl, Solsol needles, Stepanol methyl, Duponol waqa, Stepanol wac, Stepanol waq, Duponol qx, Richonol af, Perlandrol L, Perlankrol L, Sipex sb, Sipex sd, Standapol wa-ac, Stepanol me dry, Duponol Me, Richonol A, Richonol C, Sintapon L, Duponol C, Maprofix LK, Standapol WAQ, Stepanol ME, Stepanol WA, Akyposal SDS, Carsonol SLS, Maprobix NEU, Maprofix NEU, Maprofix WAC, Aquarex ME, Dupanol WAQ, Duponol QC, Duponol WA, Duponol WA dry, Duponol WAQ, Empicol LPZ, Hexamol SLS, Melanol CL, Duponal WAQE, Duponol WAQE, Duponol WAQM, Sterling wa paste, Conco sulfate WA, Conco sulfate WN, Nikkol SLS, Orvus WA Paste, Sipex OP, Sipex SP, Sipex UB, Sipon LS, Sipon PD, Sipon WD, Detergent 66, Montopol La Paste, Sipon LSB, Maprofix WAC-LA, Sterling WAQ-CH, Cycloryl 21, Cycloryl 31, Stepanol WA Paste, Conco Sulfate WAG, Conco Sulfate WAN, Conco Sulfate WAS, Quolac EX-UB, Odoripon Al 95, sodiumdodecylsulfate, Avirol 118 conc, Cycloryl 580, Cycloryl 585N, Lauyl sodium sulfate, Maprofix 563, Sinnopon LS 95, Stepanol T 28, Sodium laurilsulfate, Steinapol NLS 90, Empicol LS 30, Empicol LX 28, Lauryl sodium sulfate, Melanol CL 30, NALS, Rewopol NLS 30, Standapol waq special, Standapol was 100, Sinnopon LS 100, Stepanol WA-100, Carsonol SLS Special, Standapol 112 conc, Stepanol ME Dry AW, Avirol 101, Emersal 6400, Monogen Y 100, Carsonol SLS Paste B, sodium;dodecyl sulfate, Stepanol methyl dry aw, Berol 452, Emal 10, EMAL O, Sipon LS 100, n-Dodecyl sulfate sodium, Sodium monolauryl sulfate, Monododecyl sodium sulfate, Sodiumlauryl ether sulfate, Lauryl sulfate sodium salt, Conco sulfate WA-1200, Conco sulfate WA-1245, Dehydag sulfate GL emulsion, MFCD00036175, Emulsifier no. 104, Texapon k 12 p, CHEBI:8984, P and G Emulsifier 104, Sodium lauryl sulfate ether, SLS, Sodium Laurylsulfate, NSC-402488, Texapon K 1296, NCI-C50191, Laurylsulfuric Acid Sodium Salt, Dodecyl alcohol, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt, Dodecylsulfuric Acid Sodium Salt, DTXSID1026031, Sodium lauryl sulfate, synthetic, Finasol osr2, Incronol SLS, Natriumlaurylsulfat, 368GB5141J, NCGC00091020-03, E487, Jordanol SL-300, Finasol osr(sub 2), Dodecyl sulfate sodium, Monagen Y 100, Perklankrol ESD 60, Caswell No. 779, Natrium laurylsulfuricum, 12738-53-3, 12765-21-8, 1334-67-4, Laurylsiran sodny [Czech], Lauryl sulfate, sodium salt, Dehydrag sulfate gl emulsion, DTXCID906031, Dehydag sulphate GL emulsion, Laurylsiran sodny, Rhodapon UB, Sodium dodecyl sulfate for Electrophoresis, inverted exclamation markY98.5%, Sodium lauryl sulfate 30%, CAS-151-21-3, CCRIS 6272, Lauryl sulfate sodium, HSDB 1315, Sodium lauryl sulfate, dental grade, EINECS 205-788-1, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 079011, NSC 402488, CP 75424, Empicol, AI3-00356, UNII-368GB5141J, Sodium lauryl sulfate [JAN:NF], sodiumlauryl sulfate, sodium dodecylsulphate, Sodium dedecyl sulfate, Sodium-dodecyl-S-SDS, IPC-SDS, sodium n-dodecyl sulphate, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate NF, SDS (20% Solution), sodium monododecyl sulphate, lauryl sulphate sodium salt, EC 205-788-1, dodecyl sulphate sodium salt, SCHEMBL1102, Sodium lauryl sulfate, SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds), Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt (1:1), CHEMBL23393, sodium dodecyl sulphate (sds), dodecyl sulfuric acid sodium salt, HY-Y0316B, DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M, Dodecyl sulphuric acid sodium salt, Sodium lauryl sulfate (JP17/NF), SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [II], SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [MI], BCP30594, CS-B1770, HY-Y0316, SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [FCC], SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [JAN], Tox21_111059, Tox21_201614, Tox21_300149, BDBM50530482, SODIUM LAURILSULFATE [MART.], SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [HSDB], SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [INCI], SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [VANDF], AKOS015897278, AKOS025147308, Tox21_111059_1, DB00815, Dodecyl sulfuric acid ester sodium salt, SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [USP-RS], SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [WHO-DD], NCGC00091020-01, NCGC00091020-02, NCGC00254225-01, NCGC00259163-01, NCGC00274082-01, AS-14730, SODIUM LAURILSULFATE [EP IMPURITY], SODIUM LAURILSULFATE [EP MONOGRAPH], CS-0182093, D1403, FT-0603358, FT-0700721, I0352, S0588, D01045, EN300-103513, F16341, S-4600, S-4601, SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE BIOTECH GRD 100G, Q422241, Sodium n-dodecyl sulfate, 98%, for electrophoresis, F0001-0539, Z1365432828, Sodium dodecylsulfate;Sodium lauryl sulphate;Dodecyl sodium sulfate, Dodecyl sodium sulfate, Dodecyl sulfate sodium salt, Lauryl sulfate sodium salt, SDS, Sodium lauryl sulfate

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is an organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate consists of white or cream to pale yellow coloured crystals, flakes, or powder having a smooth feel, a soapy, bitter taste, and a faint odor of fatty substances.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is easily soluble in water.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate has a role as a detergent and a protein denaturant.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing. Sodium dodecyl sulfate contains a dodecyl sulfate. Sodium dodecyl sulfate role as an anionic surfactant aids in the solubilization of proteins, lipids, and other macromolecules. As an anionic surfactant, Sodium dodecyl sulfate reduces the surface tension of aqueous solutions, enabling the solubilization of proteins, lipids, and other macromolecules. Sodium dodecyl sulfate also interacts with proteins and macromolecules, modifying their shape and enhancing solubility. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a common ingredient in detergents, including laundry detergents, dishwashing detergents, and industrial cleaners. Sodium dodecyl sulfates ability to remove dirt, grease, and oil makes it effective for cleaning. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used to stabilize emulsions, which are mixtures of immiscible liquids, such as oil and water. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can help prevent the separation of these components in products like salad dressings and mayonnaise. Sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium lauryl sulfate, sometimes written sodium laurilsulfate, is an organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)11OSO3Na and structure H3C−(CH2)11−O−S(=O)2−O−Na+. Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is an ionic surfactant. Sodium dodecyl sulfate has a significant effect on the granular fouling, protein fouling, and oil fouling. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is better to clean granular fouling on natural fibers. The detergency of Sodium dodecyl sulfate is enhanced with the increase of temperature. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a yellow oil, which can form a hexagonal or rhombic strong flake-like crystal. While Sodium dodecyl sulfate is generally regarded as non-toxic and biodegradable, it can exhibit biochemical and physiological effects such as increased cell membrane permeability and alterations in protein structure and function. Furthermore, Sodium dodecyl sulfate has been observed to inhibit the growth of certain bacteria, fungi, and viruses, as well as disrupt the metabolism of specific organisms. The effect on protein fouling is better than that of the non-ionic surfactant. However, there are two disadvantages of Sodium dodecyl sulfates, one is poor hard water tolerance and the detergency can be reduced with the hardness of the water. Therefore, the detergent must be used with the appropriate chelating mixture. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is irritant to the skin when washing by hand. In recent years, Sodium dodecyl sulfate is often used with nonionic surfactants such as fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO) for better washing effect. The main purpose of Sodium dodecyl sulfate is to make a variety detergent. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a kind of yellow oily, micro-toxicity. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is neutral, more sensitive to water hardness, and not easy to oxidation. The linear structure is easier biodegradation more than 90%. Sodium dodecyl sulfate brings little influence to the environment. Moreover, Sodium dodecyl sulfate finds application in gel electrophoresis for the separation of proteins and macromolecules based on size. Additionally, Sodium dodecyl sulfate plays a crucial part in DNA sample preparation for sequencing and nanoparticle production. Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is a series of organic compounds with the formula C12H25C6H4SO3Na. Sodium dodecyl sulfate, commonly referred to as SDS, is a versatile anionic surfactant utilized in various laboratory and industrial settings. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate is used as a synthetic detergent. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a high-content anionic surfactant with properties of detergency, moistening, foaming, emulsifying, and dispersity. The biological degradability of Sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant is more than 90%. International security organizations have recognized it as a safe chemical. Sodium dodecyl sulfate has a hydrophobic (water-repellent) tail composed of a dodecyl (12-carbon) alkyl chain attached to a hydrophilic (water-attracting) sulfonate (SO3-) group. Sodium dodecyl sulfate has strong foaming ability and detergency and is easy to compound with various additives. Sodium dodecyl sulfate powder is highly biodegradable, low toxic, non-harmful to skin and fabric, and has a high detergent power and foaming capacity. Sodium dodecyl sulfate powder has a compound formulation combining a unique functional surfactant and a softening agent, the component substitutes the traditionally used sodium alkybenzene sulfonate, thus eliminating the impact of benzene in sodium alkybenzene sulfonate. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a high-content anionic surfactant with detergency, moistening, foaming, emulsifying, and dispersing properties. The biological degradability of Sodium dodecyl sulfate is more than 90%. International security organizations have recognized it as a safe chemical. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) in water at 25 °C is 8.2 mM, and the aggregation number at this concentration is usually considered to be about 62. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is mainly used in detergents for laundry with many cleaning applications. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a highly effective surfactant and is used in any task requiring the removal of oily stains and residues. For example, Sodium dodecyl sulfate is found in higher concentrations with industrial products including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car exterior cleaners. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can reduce the surface tension of water and other liquids. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can help solubilize nonpolar substances in aqueous solutions and improve the wetting, dispersing, and emulsifying properties of formulations. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a kind of yellow oily, micro-toxicity. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is neutral, more sensitive to water hardness, and not easy to oxidation. Sodium dodecyl sulfate has a strong foaming ability and detergency and is easy to compound with various additives. Sodium dodecyl sulfate, appearing as its synonym sodium lauryl sulfate, is considered a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) ingredient for food use according to the USFDA. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as an emulsifying agent and whipping aid. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can protect both the environment and our health, meanwhile remove soil easily. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a colourless salt with useful properties as a surfactant. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is usually produced as a mixture of related sulfonates. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a major component of laundry detergent. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a white to light yellow flakes, granules or powder. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is soluble in water. Sodium dodecyl sulfate acts as a surfactant in the ionic self-assembly reaction of cyclophane BIMCP-1. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is an anionic surfactant used in many cleaning and hygiene products. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is the sodium salt of the 12-carbon organosulfate. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is hydrocarbon tail combined with a polar "headgroup" give the compound amphiphilic properties that make it useful as a detergent. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is also component of mixtures produced from inexpensive coconut and palm oils. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a common component of many domestic cleaning, personal hygiene and cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food products, as well as of industrial and commercial cleaning and product formulations. This water-soluble compound is both biodegradable and non-toxic, offering a broad range of applications across fields like biochemistry, nanotechnology, and medical research. Sodium dodecyl sulfates functions extend to emulsification, detergency, and cleaning purposes. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a component in hand soap, toothpastes, shampoos, shaving creams, and bubble bath formulations, for its ability to create a foam (lather), for its surfactant properties, and in part for its thickening effect. As an emulsifier in or with egg whites the United States Code of Federal Regulations require that it must not exceed 1,000 parts per million (0.1%) in egg white solids or 125 parts per million (0.0125%) in frozen or liquid egg whites and as a whipping agent for the preparation of marshmallows it must not exceed 0.5% of the weight of gelatine. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is reported to temporarily diminish perception of sweetness. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is synthesized by treating lauryl alcohol with sulfur trioxide, oleum, or chlorosulfuric acid to produce hydrogen lauryl sulfate. Lauryl alcohol can be used in pure form or as a mixtures of fatty alcohols. When produced from these sources, "Sodium dodecyl sulfate" products are a mixture of various sodium alkyl sulfates with SDS being the main component. For instance, Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a component, along with other chain-length amphiphiles, when produced from coconut oil, and is known as sodium coco sulfate (SCS). Sodium dodecyl sulfate is available commercially in powder, pellet, and other forms (each differing in rates of dissolution), as well as in aqueous solutions of varying concentrations. Sodium dodecyl sulfate, white or light yellow powder or flake solid. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is difficult to volatilize, but it easy to dissolve in water and become a subtransparent solution. For alkali, dilute acid, Sodium dodecyl sulfate has stable hard water properties. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is micro toxicity. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is commonly used as an anionic surfactant. According to the physicochemical property, Sodium dodecyl sulfate has three main functions. Sodium dodecyl sulfate holds significant importance in scientific research, particularly in the realm of biochemistry. Sodium dodecyl sulfate has micro toxicity and has been recognized by the international security organization as a safe chemical raw material. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used to clean fruit and tableware. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in detergent has a branched chain structure (ABS) and linear structure (LAS). The branched chain structure has small biodegradability. SDBS can cause environmental pollution. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is an active ingredient cleaning agent, or "surfactant," that is one of a group of ingredients commonly used in bath products, cleansing products, shampoos and hair conditioners. Sodium dodecyl sulfate, often abbreviated as SDBS or SLS, is a synthetic organic compound. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is classified as an anionic surfactant, which means it has surface-active properties and can lower the surface tension of liquids. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is commonly used in various industrial and household applications due to its surfactant properties. Most sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonates are a member of the linear alkyl benzene sulfonates, meaning that the dodecyl group (C12H25) is un branched. This dodecyl chain is attached at the 4- position of the benzene sulfonate group. Linear dodecyl-4-benzene sulfonate anions can exist in six isomers (ignoring optical isomers), depending on the carbon of the dodecyl group that is attached to the benzene ring. Sodium dodecyl sulfate effectively reduces the tension of oil and water surface to emulsification. Sodium dodecyl sulfate creates a rich lather when mixed with water, enhancing the cleaning and spreading properties of these products. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used for cleaning equipment, degreasing surfaces, and aiding in the formulation of various chemicals and formulations. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used in textile processing to assist in dyeing and printing operations. Sodium dodecyl sulfate sulfonate has been widely used in the preparation of cosmetics, food, printing and dyeing auxiliaries and pesticides. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is often added to products like shampoos, hand soaps, and bath products as a foaming agent. Sodium dodecyl sulfate has been recognized as a safe chemical raw material by international safety organizations and is an anionic surfactant. Sodium dodecyl sulfate may be used in pesticide formulations to improve the spreading and wetting of pesticides on plant surfaces. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in research laboratories for various purposes, including protein solubilization and as a component of buffer solutions. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is sometimes used in the petroleum industry to improve the recovery of oil from reservoirs through enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a common ingredient in toothpastes due to its low cost, its lack of impact on taste, and its desirable action as a foaming agent. Sodium dodecyl sulfate may reduce the amount of bad breath-causing volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) in the mouth. A series of small crossover studies (25–34 patients) have supported the efficacy of Sodium dodecyl sulfate in the reduction of VSCs, and its related positive impact on breath malodor, although these studies have been generally noted to reflect technical challenges in the control of study design variables. The emulsifier is a kind of substance that improves the surface tension between various components in the emulsion and forms a stable dispersion system or emulsion. There are hydrophilic groups and lipophilic groups in its molecule. They also can reduce the interfacial tension and reduce the energy required to form the emulsion, so as to improve the energy of the emulsion. As a kind of anionic surfactant, Sodium dodecyl sulfate has good surface activity and strong hydrophilicity. Applications of Sodium dodecyl sulfate: Cleaning and hygiene: Sodium dodecyl sulfate is mainly used in detergents for laundry with many cleaning applications. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a highly effective surfactant and is used in any task requiring the removal of oily stains and residues. For example, it is found in higher concentrations with industrial products including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car exterior cleaners. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a component in hand soap, toothpastes, shampoos, shaving creams, and bubble bath formulations, for its ability to create a foam (lather), for its surfactant properties, and in part for its thickening effect. Food additive: Sodium dodecyl sulfate, appearing as its synonym Sodium dodecyl sulfate, is considered a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) ingredient for food use according to the USFDA (21 CFR 172.822). Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as an emulsifying agent and whipping aid. As an emulsifier in or with egg whites the United States Code of Federal Regulations require that it must not exceed 1,000 parts per million (0.1%) in egg white solids or 125 parts per million (0.0125%) in frozen or liquid egg whites and as a whipping agent for the preparation of marshmallows it must not exceed 0.5% of the weight of gelatine. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is reported to temporarily diminish perception of sweetness. Laboratory applications: Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in cleaning procedures, and is commonly used as a component for lysing cells during RNA extraction and/or DNA extraction, and for denaturing proteins in preparation for electrophoresis in the Sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE technique. Denaturation of a protein using Sodium dodecyl sulfate In the case of Sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE, the compound works by disrupting non-covalent bonds in the proteins, and so denaturing them, i.e. causing the protein molecules to lose their native conformations and shapes. By binding to proteins at a ratio of one Sodium dodecyl sulfate molecule per 2 amino acid residues, the negatively charged detergent provides all proteins with a similar net negative charge and therefore a similar charge-to-mass ratio. In this way, the difference in mobility of the polypeptide chains in the gel can be attributed solely to their length as opposed to both their native charge and shape. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is possible to make separation based on the size of the polypeptide chain to simplify the analysis of protein molecules, this can be achieved by denaturing proteins with the detergent Sodium dodecyl sulfate. Pharma applications: Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a widely used in the pharmaceutical field as an ionic solubilizer and emulsifier that is suitable for applications in liquid dispersions, solutions, emulsions and micro emulsions, tablets, foams and semi-solids such as creams, lotions and gels. Additionally, Sodium dodecyl sulfate aids in tablet wettability, as well as lubrication during manufacturing. Brand names of pharma-grade SLS include Kolliphor SLS and Kolliphor SLS Fine. Miscellaneous applications: Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in an improved technique for preparing brain tissues for study by optical microscopy. The technique, which has been branded as CLARSodium dodecyl sulfate, was the work of Karl Deisseroth and coworkers at Stanford University, and involves infusion of the organ with an acrylamide solution to bind the macromolecules of the organ (proteins, nucleic acids, etc.), followed by thermal polymerization to form a "brain–hydrogel" (a mesh interspersed throughout the tissue to fix the macromolecules and other structures in space), and then by lipid removal using Sodium dodecyl sulfate to eliminate light scattering with minimal protein loss, rendering the tissue quasi-transparent. Along with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and Triton X-100, aqueous solutions of Sodium dodecyl sulfate are popular for dispersing or suspending nanotubes, such as carbon nanotubes. Uses of Sodium dodecyl sulfate: Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as surfactants, detergents, foaming agents, and wetting agents, and so on. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as relatively low-level ion-pairing reagents, and is cheaper than sodium heptanesulfonate and sodium pentanesulfonate when less demanding. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as raw material for modifying materials. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as additives in capillary electrophoresis analysis and is generally used as molar solution. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is also used in other analysis such as flow column analysis. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in cleaning procedures, and is commonly used as a component for lysing cells during RNA extraction and/or DNA extraction, and for denaturing proteins in preparation for electrophoresis in the SDS-PAGE technique. Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate has been used to stabilize dispersions of graphene nanoflakes (GNFs) during the preparation of the liquid phase of GNFs. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in an improved technique for preparing brain tissues for study by optical microscopy. The technique, which has been branded as CLARITY, was the work of Karl Deisseroth and coworkers at Stanford University, and involves infusion of the organ with an acrylamide solution to bind the macromolecules of the organ (proteins, nucleic acids, etc.), followed by thermal polymerization to form a "brain–hydrogel" (a mesh interspersed throughout the tissue to fix the macromolecules and other structures in space), and then by lipid removal using Sodium dodecyl sulfate to eliminate light scattering with minimal protein loss, rendering the tissue quasi-transparent. In this way, the difference in mobility of the polypeptide chains in the gel can be attributed solely to their length as opposed to both their native charge and shape. This separation based on the size of the polypeptide chain simplifies the analysis of protein molecules. The device acts as a reverse filter, allowing large particles to pass while capturing smaller particles. Sodium dodecyl sulfate has been used to stabilize dispersions of graphene nanoflakes (GNFs) during the preparation of the liquid phase of GNFs. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can also suspend single-walled carbon nanotubes as individuals in aqueous media and also give well-resolved spectral features. Sodium dodecyl sulfate was used to fabricate amperometic biosensors for glucose. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as an efficient emulsifying agent for polymerizing pressure-sensitive adhesive. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as the anti-hygroscopic and anticaking additives for powdered chemical products that easily absorb moisture and agglomerate, such as methenamine, carbamide, and ammonium nitrate. Sodium dodecyl sulfate products are widely used. In addition to the above several functions, Sodium dodecyl sulfate also can be used as a cotton fabric refining agent and desizing agent in textile. Sodium dodecyl sulfate functions as a foaming agent, creating a rich lather for cleansing and spreading. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is employed as an emulsifying agent in the food industry, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Sodium dodecyl sulfate helps stabilize and homogenize emulsions, such as salad dressings, mayonnaise, creams, and lotions. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can also suspend single-walled carbon nanotubes as individuals in aqueous media and also give well-resolved spectral features. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as an antistatic additive with a cleaning function for textile oil. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be an efficient antistatic agent for polyester substrate and film base, especially for polyester base cinefilm and filmstrip. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be the antistatic agent for polyolefine, polyester, and other polymer materials. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be described as an anionic frother with a structure that is composed of an aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic radical. In spite of the fact that these frothers have good frothing properties, their application was limited, likely because most Sodium dodecyl sulfate frothers contain traces of sulfur, which interfere with flotation. In the case of Sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE, the compound works by disrupting non-covalent bonds in the proteins, and so denaturing them, i.e. causing the protein molecules to lose their native conformations and shapes. By binding to proteins at a ratio of one Sodium dodecyl sulfate molecule per 2 amino acid residues, the negatively charged detergent provides all proteins with a similar net negative charge and therefore a similar charge-to-mass ratio. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used in enhanced oil recovery processes. Sodium dodecyl sulfate helps reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water, improving the displacement of oil from reservoirs. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in textile manufacturing to aid in dyeing and printing processes. Sodium dodecyl sulfate helps disperse dyes and improve their adherence to fabric fibers. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is sometimes added to pesticide formulations to enhance the spreading and wetting properties of the pesticide on plant surfaces, ensuring better coverage. Sodium dodecyl sulfate in various experiments and applications, including protein solubilization, buffer preparation, and as a surfactant in analytical chemistry techniques. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as an efficient antistatic agent for polyester substrate and film base, especially for polyester base cinefilm and filmstrip. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as the antistatic agent for polyolefine, polyester, and other polymer materials. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as the anti-hygroscopic and anticaking additives for powdered chemical products that are easy to absorb moisture and agglomerate, such as methenamine, carbamide, and ammonium nitrate. As the main content of high-class detergent and cleaner, Sodium dodecyl sulfate can blench, remove stains and oil and resist static electricity. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can also suspend single-walled carbon nanotubes as individuals in aqueous media and also give well-resolved spectral features. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be found in various industrial processes, such as metal cleaning, degreasing, and as a component in the formulation of chemicals and formulations. Sodium dodecyl sulfatemay be used in water treatment processes to help disperse and remove contaminants from water. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in the production of firefighting foam concentrates to create stable and effective foams for extinguishing flammable liquid fires. Sodium dodecyl sulfate was used to fabricate amperometic biosensors for glucose. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a widely used in the pharmaceutical field as an ionic solubilizer and emulsifier that is suitable for applications in liquid dispersions, solutions, emulsions and micro emulsions, tablets, foams and semi-solids such as creams, lotions and gels. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as an efficient emulsifying agent for polymerizing pressure-sensitive adhesive. As the main content of high-class detergent and cleaner, Sodium dodecyl sulfate can blench, remove stains and oil and resist static electricity. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as resin dispersant, felt detergent and deinking agent in the papermaking industry. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as an osmotic degreaser in the leather industry. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as an anti-blocking agent in the fertilizer industry. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in the cement industry as a gassing agent, or used separately or in conjunction with components. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is widely used in the production of various detergents and emulsifiers, and can be properly used in cosmetics such as shampoo, foam bath, etc. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can also be used as cleaning agent in textile industry, dyeing assistant, degreasing agent in electroplating industry; deinking agent in paper industry also needs to add a certain amount of Sodium dodecyl sulfate. In addition, linear Sodium dodecyl sulfate is very stable to oxidizer and soluble in water, so Sodium dodecyl sulfate is very suitable for washing powder with oxidizing bleach. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a common ingredient in household and industrial cleaning products, including laundry detergents, dishwashing detergents, all-purpose cleaners, and degreasers. Sodium dodecyl sulfate helps remove dirt, grease, and stains from surfaces. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in various personal care items such as shampoos, body washes, hand soaps, and bath products. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as an antistatic additive with a cleaning function for textile oil. Additionally, Sodium dodecyl sulfate aids in tablet wettability, as well as lubrication during manufacturing. Niche uses: Sodium dodecyl sulfate has been proposed as a potentially effective topical microbicide, for intravaginal use, to inhibit and possibly prevent infection by various enveloped and non-enveloped viruses such as the herpes simplex viruses, HIV, and the Semliki Forest virus. Liquid membranes formed from Sodium dodecyl sulfate in water have been demonstrated to work as unusual particle separators. The device acts as a reverse filter, allowing large particles to pass while capturing smaller particles. Consumer Uses: Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, coating products, plant protection products, adhesives and sealants, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, air care products, polishes and waxes and cosmetics and personal care products. Other release to the environment of Sodium dodecyl sulfate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment). Widespread uses by professional workers: Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, plant protection products and polymers. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in the following areas: building & construction work and agriculture, forestry and fishing. Other release to the environment of Sodium dodecyl sulfate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use. Preparation of Sodium dodecyl sulfate: Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be synthesized by reacting dodecyl alcohol with sulfur trioxide gas, followed by neutralization with sodium hydroxide. The preparation of Sodium dodecyl sulfate involves the following steps: The reaction takes place in a vertical reactor at 32 °C. Nitrogen gas is introduced through the gas vents at a flow rate of 85.9 L/min. Lauryl alcohol is added at a flow rate of 58 g/min at 82.7 kPa. Liquid sulfur trioxide is fed into the flash evaporator at 124.1 kPa, with a flow rate of 0.9072 kg/h and a flash temperature of 100 °C. The sulfated product is quickly cooled to 50 °C, aged for 10-20 min, then neutralized with a base in a neutralization kettle controlled at 50 °C. The pH is adjusted to 7-8.5, and the liquid product is spray dried to obtain a solid product. Properties of Sodium dodecyl sulfate: Physicochemical properties: The critical micelle concentration (CMC) in water at 25 °C is 8.2 mM, and the aggregation number at this concentration is usually considered to be about 62. The micelle ionization fraction (α) is around 0.3 (or 30%). Storage of Sodium dodecyl sulfate: Sodium dodecyl sulfate is stable under normal storage conditions. However, in solution, under extreme conditions, i.e. pH 2.5 or below, Sodium dodecyl sulfate undergoes hydrolysis to lauryl alcohol and sodium bisulfate. The bulk material should be stored in a well-closed container away from strong oxidizing agents in a cool, dry place. Safety Profile of Sodium dodecyl sulfate: Sodium dodecyl sulfate is widely used in cosmetics and oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a moderately toxic material with acute toxic effects including irritation to the skin, eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract, and stomach. Repeated, prolonged exposure to dilute solutions may cause drying and cracking of the skin; contact dermatitis may develop. Prolonged inhalation of Sodium dodecyl sulfate will damage the lungs. Pulmonary sensitization is possible, resulting in hyperactive airway dysfunction and pulmonary allergy. Animal studies have shown intravenous administration to cause marked toxic effects to the lung, kidney, and liver. Some individuals may develop skin sensitization or allergies to Sodium dodecyl sulfate with repeated or prolonged exposure. Sodium dodecyl sulfate's essential to use protective measures such as gloves and safety goggles when working with SDS-containing products. Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be harmful, especially in large quantities. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is not intended for consumption. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is generally considered safe for normal use in personal care products, inhaling its dust or aerosols can lead to respiratory irritation. When handling SDS in powder or aerosol form, use proper ventilation or respiratory protection as necessary. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is not considered highly toxic to aquatic life but can have an adverse impact on the environment if released in significant quantities. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is important to follow local regulations and best practices for disposal and wastewater treatment. Identifiers of Sodium dodecyl sulfate: Chemical Formula: C12H25SO4Na CAS Number: 151-21-3 PubChem CID: 3423265 ChemSpider ID: 16736409 UNII: 368GB5141J EC Number (EINECS): 205-788-1 RTECS Number: WT1050000 MDL Number: MFCD00036175 ChEBI ID: 8984 KEGG Compound ID: C14270 Beilstein Registry Number: 3599287 Gmelin Reference: 41767 MeSH ID: D019050 NIST Chemistry WebBook: 151-21-3 ATC code: D11AX06 Properties of Sodium dodecyl sulfate: Melting point: 204-207 °C (lit.) Density: 1.03 g/mL at 20 °C FEMA: 4437 | SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE Flash point: >100°C

storage temp.: 2-8°C

solubility: H2O: 0.1 M, clear to nearly clear, colorless to slightly yellow

form: Powder or Crystals

color: White to pale yellow

PH: 6-9 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃)

Odor: Slight fatty odour

PH Range: 7.2

Water Solubility: ca. 150 g/L (20 ºC)

λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.3

λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.2

Merck: 14,8636

BRN: 3599286

InChIKey: DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M

LogP: 1.600

Appearance: White or cream-colored crystals, flakes, or powder

Odor: Faint odor of fatty substances

Density: 1.01 g/cm3

Melting point: 206 °c

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4

Rotatable Bond Count: 12

Exact Mass: 288.13712473

Monoisotopic Mass: 288.13712473

Topological Polar Surface Area: 74.8 Ų

Heavy Atom Count: 18

Complexity: 249

Isotope Atom Count: 0

Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2

Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Sodium dodecyl sulfate:

Chemical Formula: C12H25SO4Na

CAS Number: 151-21-3

Appearance: White to pale yellow-colored crystals, flakes, or powder

Purity: Typically, SDS is available with a purity of 98% or higher.

Solubility: Easily soluble in water

pH: Often in the range of 7-9 for standard solutions

Storage: Should be stored in a cool, dry place away from incompatible materials.

Handling: Users should follow appropriate safety precautions, including wearing protective equipment, to minimize exposure.

Packaging: Available in various packaging options, including bags, drums, or custom containers, depending on the quantity and application requirements.

Regulatory Compliance: SDS should comply with relevant regulations and standards, such as those set by REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals) in the European Union and other regulatory bodies worldwide.